Modig Karin, Virtanen Suvi, Ahlbom Anders, Agahi Neda
Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Scand J Public Health. 2016 Jul;44(5):480-9. doi: 10.1177/1403494816636248. Epub 2016 Mar 14.
Previous studies have reached different conclusions about whether health is improving in the ageing population. More studies with narrow age groups analyzed separately for men and women will contribute to the literature.
To describe trends in self-reported indicators of health and health-related quality of life between 2002 and 2010, focusing on differences between gender and age groups. A population-based survey of individuals 65+ in the Stockholm County was used.
Prevalence of health problems increased with age both among men and women. Men generally reported having no health problems to a larger extent than women, but the proportions reporting severe problems were similar. The larger picture is one of stability in health-related quality of life, even if several items developed for the better, especially among women. While the proportions reporting no health/functional problems increased for many items, the proportions reporting severe problems remained unchanged among men and improved only for two items among women. CONCLUSIONS OVERALL, IMPROVEMENTS WERE SEEN IN MANY OF THE HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE ITEMS AS WELL AS FOR SELF-RATED HEALTH AMONG WOMEN THE PROPORTIONS REPORTING LONG-TERM ILLNESS OR PERSISTENT HEALTH PROBLEMS INCREASED, BUT FEWER SEEM TO BE LIMITED IN THEIR DAILY ACTIVITIES BY THESE PROBLEMS THE STABLE PROPORTIONS OF POOR SELF-RATED HEALTH INDICATES THAT WHILE HEALTH AND FUNCTIONING SEEM TO BE IMPROVING FOR THE MAJORITY OF THE OLDER POPULATION, SOME GROUPS MAY BE LAGGING BEHIND FUTURE STUDIES SHOULD PAY ATTENTION TO CHANGES BOTH IN THE UPPER AND LOWER ENDS OF THE HEALTH SPECTRUM.
以往关于老年人群健康状况是否改善的研究得出了不同结论。针对更窄年龄组分别对男性和女性进行分析的更多研究将为该文献做出贡献。
描述2002年至2010年间自我报告的健康指标及与健康相关的生活质量的趋势，重点关注性别和年龄组之间的差异。使用了对斯德哥尔摩县65岁及以上人群的基于人群的调查。
男性和女性中健康问题的患病率均随年龄增长而增加。男性报告无健康问题的比例总体上高于女性，但报告严重问题的比例相似。总体而言，与健康相关的生活质量呈稳定态势，即使有几个项目有所改善，尤其是在女性中。虽然许多项目中报告无健康/功能问题的比例有所增加，但男性中报告严重问题的比例保持不变，女性中仅两项有所改善。结论总体而言，许多与健康相关的生活质量项目以及女性的自评健康状况都有所改善。报告患有长期疾病或持续健康问题的比例有所增加，但似乎很少有人因这些问题而在日常活动中受到限制。自评健康状况较差的比例稳定，这表明虽然大多数老年人群的健康和功能似乎在改善，但一些群体可能滞后。未来的研究应关注健康范围两端的变化。
