Cui Xiaoqiang, Hao Hulin, He Zhenli, Stoffella Peter J, Yang Xiaoe
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Ningbo Raw Water Resource Research Academy, Ningbo, 315000, China.
J Environ Manage. 2016 May 15;173:95-104. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.02.049. Epub 2016 Mar 12.
Management of biomass waste is crucial to the efficiency and sustainable operation of constructed wetlands. In this study, biochars were prepared using the biomass of 22 plant species from constructed wetlands and characterized by BET-N2 surface area analysis, FTIR, TGA, SEM, EDS, and elemental compositions analysis. Biochar yields ranged from 32.78 to 49.02%, with mesopores dominating the pore structure of most biochars. The biochars had a R50 recalcitrance index of class C and the carbon sequestration potential of 19.4-28%. The aquatic plant biomass from all the Chinese constructed wetlands if made into biochars has the potential to sequester 11.48 Mt carbon yr(-1) in soils over long time periods, which could offset 0.4% of annual CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion in China. In terms of adsorption capacity for selected pollutants, biochar derived from Canna indica plant had the greatest adsorption capacity for Cd(2+) (98.55 mg g(-1)) and NH4(+) (7.71 mg g(-1)). Whereas for PO4(3-), Hydrocotyle verticillata derived biochar showed the greatest adsorption capacities (2.91 mg g(-1)). The results from this present study demonstrated that wetland plants are valuable feedstocks for producing biochars with potential application for carbon sequestration and contaminant removal in water remediation.
生物质废物的管理对于人工湿地的效率和可持续运行至关重要。在本研究中，使用来自人工湿地的22种植物的生物质制备了生物炭，并通过BET-N2表面积分析、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、热重分析（TGA）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱分析（EDS）和元素组成分析对其进行了表征。生物炭产率在32.78%至49.02%之间，大多数生物炭的孔隙结构以中孔为主。这些生物炭的R50难降解指数为C类，固碳潜力为19.4 - 28%。如果将中国所有人工湿地的水生植物生物质制成生物炭，长期来看，其在土壤中具有每年固碳1148万吨的潜力，这可以抵消中国化石燃料燃烧年二氧化碳排放量的0.4%。就对选定污染物的吸附能力而言，美人蕉植物衍生的生物炭对Cd(2+)（98.55 mg g(-1)）和NH4(+)（7.71 mg g(-1)）的吸附能力最强。而对于PO4(3-)，轮叶黑藻衍生的生物炭表现出最大的吸附能力（2.91 mg g(-1)）。本研究结果表明，湿地植物是生产生物炭的宝贵原料，在水修复中具有固碳和去除污染物的潜在应用价值。
