Chen Xinguang, Lau Maggie, Kan Ming Yue, Chiang I-Chyun, Hu Yih-Jin, Gong Jie, Li Lue, Ngok King-Lun
University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong.
Int J Behav Med. 2016 Oct;23(5):561-70. doi: 10.1007/s12529-016-9548-9.
This study aimed at assessing the differences in prevalence rates of common health behavior among adolescents in the five Chinese cities and the influential factors at the contextual and individual levels.
We compared the standardized rates of three lifestyle behaviors (sedentary, dietary, and physical activity) and three addictive behaviors (cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and participation in gambling) among a sample of 13,950 adolescents. The sample was randomly selected from five cities, including Hong Kong, Macau, Taipei, Zhuhai, and Wuhan. Population size, GDP per capita, and literacy at the city level as well as parental monitoring and school performance at the student's level were assessed. Multi-level mixed effect models were used to examine the interaction of individual level factors with study sites.
The six health behaviors differed significantly across sites with the highest rates of alcohol consumption in Hong Kong (39.5 %), of cigarette smoking in Macau (9.8 %), and of gambling in Taipei (37.1 %) and Hong Kong (35.9 %). The city-level measures were associated with only a few behavioral measures. Relative to Hong Kong, parental monitoring had stronger association with the three addictive behaviors in the other sites.
Findings suggest that although the study sites share similar Chinese culture, students in the five cities differed from each other with regard to levels of health behaviors. Relative to the broad socioeconomic development, differences in parental monitoring played a significant role in explaining the observed difference.
本研究旨在评估中国五个城市青少年常见健康行为的患病率差异以及情境和个体层面的影响因素。
我们比较了13950名青少年样本中三种生活方式行为（久坐、饮食和体育活动）和三种成瘾行为（吸烟、饮酒和参与赌博）的标准化率。该样本是从包括香港、澳门、台北、珠海和武汉在内的五个城市中随机选取的。评估了城市层面的人口规模、人均国内生产总值和识字率以及学生层面的父母监督和学业成绩。采用多层次混合效应模型来检验个体层面因素与研究地点之间的相互作用。
六个健康行为在不同地点存在显著差异，香港饮酒率最高（39.5%），澳门吸烟率最高（9.8%），台北和香港赌博率最高（分别为37.1%和35.9%）。城市层面的指标仅与少数行为指标相关。相对于香港，父母监督在其他地点与三种成瘾行为的关联更强。
研究结果表明，尽管研究地点具有相似的中国文化，但五个城市的学生在健康行为水平上存在差异。相对于广泛的社会经济发展，父母监督的差异在解释观察到的差异方面发挥了重要作用。
