Department of Primary Public Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Department of Preventive Disease, Zengcheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Prev Chronic Dis. 2014 Mar 27;11:E49. doi: 10.5888/pcd11.130091.
This article reports on the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and their risk factors in the city of Guangzhou, China, and shows a trend toward epidemic proportions when municipal data are compared with provincial data.
We conducted the Guangzhou Community Health Survey in the 12 administrative districts of Guangzhou to learn about NCDs and their risk factors. A community-based, face-to-face survey with a stratified multistage cluster sampling was used. Information was gathered on 27,743 respondents, aged 0 to 108 years, with a male to female ratio of 1 to 1. All participants completed a questionnaire, and those aged 15 years or older had a physical examination. Survey results were compared with the provincial results of the 2002 Guangdong Nutrition and Health Survey (GNHS).
The data were weighted to the respondent's probability of selection and to the age- and sex-specific population. Prevalence estimate of self-reported NCDs was 16.0%. Hypertension and diabetes were reported as the most important NCDs. Of those who responded, 6.8% reported having more than 2 chronic conditions. The adjusted prevalence of hypertension decreased by 13.3% since 2002. Awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and diabetes were improved. The estimated prevalence of current smoking decreased, and the prevalence of former smoking increased from 2002. However, the prevalence of overweight and obesity, especially central obesity, increased.
Results were encouraging with regard to hypertension and diabetes. However, the unfavorable trends, especially for overweight, central obesity, and passive smoking, call for additional action.
本文报道了中国广州市非传染性疾病（NCD）及其危险因素的流行情况，并将市级数据与省级数据进行比较，显示出流行趋势。
我们在中国广州市的 12 个行政区进行了广州社区健康调查，以了解 NCD 及其危险因素。采用基于社区的、面对面的、分层多阶段聚类抽样方法。共收集了 27743 名年龄在 0 至 108 岁之间、男女比例为 1:1 的受访者的信息。所有参与者都完成了一份问卷，年龄在 15 岁及以上的人进行了体检。调查结果与 2002 年广东省营养与健康调查（GNHS）的省级结果进行了比较。
数据经过了受访者选择概率和年龄、性别特定人口的加权处理。自我报告的 NCD 患病率估计为 16.0%。高血压和糖尿病被报告为最重要的 NCD。在有回应的人中，有 6.8%的人报告有超过 2 种慢性疾病。调整后的高血压患病率自 2002 年以来下降了 13.3%。高血压和糖尿病的知晓率、治疗率和控制率有所提高。目前吸烟的估计患病率有所下降，而前吸烟者的患病率从 2002 年以来有所增加。然而，超重和肥胖的流行率，特别是中心性肥胖的流行率有所增加。
高血压和糖尿病方面的结果令人鼓舞。然而，超重、中心性肥胖和被动吸烟等不利趋势令人担忧，需要采取进一步的行动。
