Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2016 Apr;87(4):402-13. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2013-307442. Epub 2015 Jun 2.
Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is the most common cause of death in patients with intractable epilepsy. The substantial lifetime risk of SUDEP and the lack of a clear pathophysiological connection between epilepsy itself and sudden death have fuelled increased attention to this phenomenon. Understanding the mechanisms underlying SUDEP is paramount to developing preventative strategies. In this review, we discuss SUDEP population studies, case-control studies, witnessed and monitored cases, as well as human seizure cardiorespiratory findings related to SUDEP, and SUDEP animal models. We integrate these data to suggest the most probable mechanisms underlying SUDEP. Understanding the modifiable risk factors and pathophysiology allows us to discuss potential preventative strategies.
癫痫猝死症（SUDEP）是难治性癫痫患者最常见的死亡原因。SUDEP 的终身风险很大，而且癫痫本身与猝死之间没有明确的病理生理学联系，这使得人们对这一现象更加关注。了解 SUDEP 的机制对于制定预防策略至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了与 SUDEP 相关的 SUDEP 人群研究、病例对照研究、有目击者和监测的病例，以及人类癫痫发作的心肺发现，以及 SUDEP 动物模型。我们整合这些数据，提出了 SUDEP 最可能的机制。了解可改变的危险因素和病理生理学使我们能够讨论潜在的预防策略。
