Chumak V, Deniachenko N, Makarovska O, Mihailescu L-C, Prykhodko A, Voloskyi V, Vanhavere F
National Research Centre for Radiation Medicine NAMS Ukraine, Melnikova 53, Kyiv 04050, Ukraine
Radiation Protection Institute ATS Ukraine, Melnikova 53, Kyiv 04050, Ukraine.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2016 Sep;170(1-4):117-21. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncw038. Epub 2016 Mar 14.
About 50 000 workers are being occupationally exposed to radiation in Ukraine. Individual dosimetric monitoring (IDM) is provided by 77 dosimetry services and laboratories of very different scale with a number of monitored workers ranging from several persons to ∼9000. In the present work, the current status of personal dosimetry in Ukraine was studied. The First National Intercomparison (FNI) of the IDM labs was accompanied by a survey of the laboratory operation in terms of coverage, types of dosimetry provided, instrumentation and methodologies used, metrological support, data recording, etc. Totally, 34 laboratories responded to the FNI call, and 18 services with 19 different personal dosimetry systems took part in the intercomparison exercise providing 24 dosimeters each for blind irradiation to photons of 6 different qualities (ISO N-series X-rays, S-Cs and S-Co sources) in a dose range of 5-60 mSv. Performance of the dosimetry labs was evaluated according to ISO 14146 criteria of matching trumpet curves with H0 = 0.2 mSv. The test revealed that 8 of the 19 systems meet ISO 14146 criteria in full, 5 other labs show marginal performance and 6 laboratories demonstrated catastrophic quality of dosimetric results. Altogether, 18 participating labs provide dosimetric monitoring to 37 477 workers (about three-fourths of all occupationally exposed workers), usually on monthly (nuclear industry) or quarterly (rest of applications) basis. Of this number, 20 664 persons (55 %) receive completely adequate individual monitoring, and the number of personnel receiving IDM of inadequate quality counts 3054 persons.
在乌克兰，约有5万名工人正遭受职业性辐射暴露。77个规模差异很大的剂量测定服务机构和实验室提供个人剂量监测（IDM），监测的工人数量从几人到约9000人不等。在本研究中，对乌克兰个人剂量测定的现状进行了调查。IDM实验室的首次全国比对（FNI）同时伴随着对实验室运营情况的调查，内容包括覆盖范围、提供的剂量测定类型、使用的仪器和方法、计量支持、数据记录等。总共有34个实验室响应了FNI的邀请，18个服务机构使用19种不同的个人剂量测定系统参与了比对工作，每个机构提供24个剂量计用于对6种不同能量的光子（ISO N系列X射线、S - Cs和S - Co源）进行盲照射，剂量范围为5 - 60 mSv。根据ISO 14146标准中H0 = 0.2 mSv时匹配喇叭曲线的标准对剂量测定实验室的性能进行了评估。测试结果显示，19种系统中有8种完全符合ISO 14146标准，另外5个实验室表现勉强，6个实验室的剂量测定结果质量极差。总体而言，18个参与实验室为37477名工人提供剂量监测（约占所有职业性辐射暴露工人的四分之三），监测频率通常为每月（核工业）或每季度（其他行业）一次。在这些工人中，20664人（55%）接受了完全充分的个人监测，而接受质量不合格的IDM的人员数量为3054人。
