Gibelli D, Obertová Z, Ritz-Timme S, Gabriel P, Arent T, Ratnayake M, De Angelis D, Cattaneo C
LABANOF, Laboratorio di Antropologia e Odontologia Forense, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomedicheper la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli, 37, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Institut für Rechtsmedizin des Universitätskinikums, University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Leg Med (Tokyo). 2016 Mar;19:52-60. doi: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2016.02.001. Epub 2016 Feb 1.
Personal identification in the forensic context commonly concerns unknown decedents. However, recently there has been an increase in cases which require identification of living persons, especially from surveillance systems. These cases bring about a relatively new challenge for forensic anthropologists and pathologists concerning the selection of the most suitable methodological approaches with regard to the limitations of the photographic representation of a given person for individualization and identity. Facial features are instinctively the primary focus for identification approaches. However, other body parts (e.g. hands), and body height and gait (on videos) have been considered in cases of personal identification. This review aims at summarizing the state-of-the-art concerning the identification of the living on images and videos, including a critical evaluation of the advantages and limitations of different methods. Recommendations are given in order to aid forensic practitioners who face cases of identification of living persons.
在法医领域，个人识别通常涉及身份不明的死者。然而，最近需要识别在世者的案件有所增加，尤其是来自监控系统的案件。这些案件给法医人类学家和病理学家带来了一个相对新的挑战，即鉴于用于个体化和身份识别的特定人员照片呈现存在局限性，要选择最合适的方法。面部特征本能地是识别方法的主要关注点。然而，在个人识别案件中，也会考虑身体的其他部位（如手部）以及身高和步态（视频中）。本综述旨在总结关于从图像和视频中识别在世者的最新技术，包括对不同方法的优缺点进行批判性评估。给出了相关建议，以帮助处理在世者身份识别案件的法医从业者。
