Vähä-Vahe T
Acta Vet Scand. 1989;30(3):267-73. doi: 10.1186/BF03548031.
Medetomidine, a potent alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, was investigated in open, multicenter clinical trials with patients of various canine and feline breeds (1736 dogs and 678 cats). The purpose of the study was to find an optimal dose of medetomidine for sedation and analgesia in clinical practice and to study how well the intended procedure could be performed under the influence of the drug. The mean dose (i.m.) of medetomidine used for examinations, clinical procedures and minor surgical interventions was 40 micrograms/kg, and for radiography 30 micrograms/kg. In cats the dose was 80-110 micrograms/kg. On the doses chosen, almost all animals were recumbent and 72% of the dogs and 85% of the cats were in a slight anaesthetic stage, unable to rise. The evaluation of the overall suitability of medetomidine (% of cases) in different indications was "very satisfactory" or "satisfactory" in 95% of dogs and 81-96% of cats. Side effects reported were limited almost exclusively to vomiting and muscle jerking in dogs (12% and 0.5% of the cases) and to vomiting in cats (65%). Medetomidine seems to suffice for pharmacological restraint of dogs and cats. The concomitant use of medetomidine (80-100 micrograms/kg) and ketamine (7 mg/kg) in cats (n = 295) provided a good anaesthesia (20-40 min). The recovery was smooth. The present study shows that medetomidine provides an effective level of sedation and analgesia for clinical use.
美托咪定是一种强效α2肾上腺素能受体激动剂，在针对各种犬猫品种（1736只狗和678只猫）的开放性多中心临床试验中进行了研究。该研究的目的是在临床实践中找到美托咪定用于镇静和镇痛的最佳剂量，并研究在药物影响下预期手术的执行效果。用于检查、临床操作和小型手术干预的美托咪定平均剂量（肌肉注射）为40微克/千克，用于放射摄影的剂量为30微克/千克。猫的剂量为80 - 110微克/千克。在所选择的剂量下，几乎所有动物都呈俯卧姿势，72%的狗和85%的猫处于轻度麻醉阶段，无法站立。美托咪定在不同适应症中的总体适用性评估（病例百分比）在95%的狗和81 - 96%的猫中为“非常满意”或“满意”。报告的副作用几乎仅限于狗的呕吐和肌肉抽搐（分别为病例的12%和0.5%）以及猫的呕吐（65%）。美托咪定似乎足以对犬猫进行药理制动。在猫（n = 295）中同时使用美托咪定（80 - 100微克/千克）和氯胺酮（7毫克/千克）可提供良好的麻醉效果（20 - 40分钟）。恢复过程平稳。本研究表明，美托咪定可为临床使用提供有效的镇静和镇痛水平。
