Erlich H A
Department of Human Genetics, Cetus Corporation, Emeryville, California 94608.
J Clin Immunol. 1989 Nov;9(6):437-47. doi: 10.1007/BF00918012.
The PCR, like recombinant DNA technology, has had an enormous impact in both basic and diagnostic aspects of molecular biology because it can produce large amounts of a specific DNA fragment from small amounts of a complex template. Recombinant DNA techniques create molecular clones by conferring on a specific sequence the ability to replicate by inserting it into a vector and introducing the vector into a host cell. PCR represents a form of "in vitro cloning" that can generate, as well as modify, DNA fragments of defined length and sequence in a simple automated reaction. In addition to its many applications in basic molecular biological research, PCR promises to play a critical role in the identification of medically important sequences as well as an important diagnostic one in their detection.
聚合酶链反应（PCR）与重组DNA技术一样，在分子生物学的基础研究和诊断方面都产生了巨大影响，因为它能够从少量复杂模板中产生大量特定的DNA片段。重组DNA技术通过将特定序列插入载体并将载体导入宿主细胞，赋予其复制能力，从而创建分子克隆。PCR代表了一种“体外克隆”形式，它可以在一个简单的自动化反应中生成并修饰特定长度和序列的DNA片段。除了在基础分子生物学研究中的众多应用外，PCR有望在医学重要序列的鉴定以及这些序列检测的重要诊断方面发挥关键作用。
