Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China and APCNS Centre of Nutrition and Food Safety, Hangzhou, China.
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China and Department of Hangzhou Food and Drug Inspection, Hangzhou, China.
Food Funct. 2016 Apr;7(4):1985-91. doi: 10.1039/c5fo01293g.
Human milk is considered as an optimal nutrition source for neonates, and vitamins A and E improve oxidative stress in offspring through breast milk. We aim to determine α-tocopherol and retinol contents in breast milk obtained over the course of lactation stages from mothers in three regions in China, and to investigate their correlation with maternal dietary intake during lactation. Human milk samples and 24 hour food records were obtained from mothers in Hangzhou (n = 34), Lanzhou (n = 34) and Beijing (n = 34) on day 1 (colostrum), day 14 (transitional milk) and day 42 (mature milk) postpartum. Concentrations of α-tocopherol and retinol in breast milk samples were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. The breast milk concentrations of α-tocopherol and retinol decreased over progress of lactation stages (P < 0.001). The retinol content of transitional milk from Hangzhou was higher than that in Lanzhou (P = 0.019) and Beijing (P < 0.001), and the α-tocopherol content in colostrum from Hangzhou showed a lower concentration than that from Lanzhou (P = 0.001). There was a significantly positive correlation between retinol and α-tocopherol contents in colostrum (r = 0.37, P = 0.002), transitional (r = 0.41, P < 0.001) and mature milk (r = 0.53, P < 0.001). No significant correlation was found between any dietary constituents (grain, fruit, vegetable, dairy, egg and meat, oil and bean products) and either retinol or α-tocopherol.
人乳被认为是新生儿的最佳营养来源，维生素 A 和 E 通过母乳改善后代的氧化应激。我们旨在确定来自中国三个地区的母亲在哺乳期不同阶段获得的母乳中的α-生育酚和视黄醇含量，并研究它们与哺乳期母亲饮食摄入的相关性。在产后第 1 天（初乳）、第 14 天（过渡乳）和第 42 天（成熟乳），从杭州（n = 34）、兰州（n = 34）和北京（n = 34）的母亲中获得母乳样本和 24 小时食物记录。通过高效液相色谱法测量母乳样本中α-生育酚和视黄醇的浓度。随着哺乳阶段的进展，母乳中α-生育酚和视黄醇的浓度逐渐降低（P < 0.001）。杭州过渡乳中的视黄醇含量高于兰州（P = 0.019）和北京（P < 0.001），而杭州初乳中的α-生育酚浓度低于兰州（P = 0.001）。初乳中视黄醇和α-生育酚含量呈显著正相关（r = 0.37，P = 0.002），过渡乳（r = 0.41，P < 0.001）和成熟乳（r = 0.53，P < 0.001）中也呈显著正相关。任何饮食成分（谷物、水果、蔬菜、奶制品、蛋类和肉类、油和豆制品）与视黄醇或α-生育酚之间均无显著相关性。
