Sdrulla Andrei, Chen Grace
Comprehensive Pain Management Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Center for Health & Healing, 3303 SW Bond Avenue, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
Pain Manag. 2016 Apr;6(2):103-9. doi: 10.2217/pmt.15.61. Epub 2016 Mar 18.
Neuropathic pain is "pain arising as a direct consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system". The prevalence of neuropathic pain ranges from 7 to 11% of the population and minimally invasive procedures have been used to both diagnose and treat neuropathic pain. Diagnostic procedures consist of nerve blocks aimed to isolate the peripheral nerve implicated, whereas therapeutic interventions either modify or destroy nerve function. Procedures that modify how nerves function include epidural steroid injections, peripheral nerve blocks and sympathetic nerve blocks. Neuroablative procedures include radiofrequency ablation, cryoanalgesia and neurectomies. Currently, neuromodulation with peripheral nerve stimulators and spinal cord stimulators are the most evidence-based treatments of neuropathic pain.
神经性疼痛是“由影响躯体感觉系统的损伤或疾病直接导致的疼痛”。神经性疼痛在人群中的患病率为7%至11%，微创程序已被用于诊断和治疗神经性疼痛。诊断程序包括旨在隔离相关外周神经的神经阻滞，而治疗干预则是改变或破坏神经功能。改变神经功能的程序包括硬膜外类固醇注射、外周神经阻滞和交感神经阻滞。神经毁损术包括射频消融、冷冻镇痛和神经切除术。目前，使用外周神经刺激器和脊髓刺激器进行神经调节是治疗神经性疼痛最有循证依据的方法。
