Avitabile Daniele, Magenta Alessandra, Lauri Andrea, Gambini Elisa, Spaltro Gabriella, Vinci Maria Cristina
Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS. Via Parea, 4, I-20138, Milan, Italy.
Curr Stem Cell Res Ther. 2016;11(4):352-69. doi: 10.2174/1574888x11666151203223839.
Epigenetics harbours all regulatory information that, beyond nucleotide sequences, allows cells to "make decisions" throughout their lifetime in response to the external environment. The information can be transitory or relatively stable, and is even transmittable either to daughter cells or to the next generations through the germ line. Recent discoveries shed light on numerous connections between metabolites and epigenetic chromatin-modifying enzymes, providing a link between the metabolic state of the cell and epigenetics, and ultimately between metabolism, gene expression and cell fate. In this review, we discuss the possible connections between metabolism and epigenetic regulation of stem cell differentiation and self-renewal. Moreover, we describe pertinent literature that could explain how altered metabolic state and nutrition can contribute to disease development through epigenetic modifications. A special section is dedicated to the emerging link between the circadian clock, metabolic transcriptional regulation by epigenetic mechanisms and their implication in stem cell homeostasis.
表观遗传学包含了所有超越核苷酸序列的调控信息，使细胞能够在其整个生命周期中根据外部环境“做出决策”。这些信息可以是短暂的或相对稳定的，甚至可以通过种系传递给子细胞或下一代。最近的发现揭示了代谢物与表观遗传染色质修饰酶之间的众多联系，为细胞代谢状态与表观遗传学之间提供了联系，并最终在代谢、基因表达和细胞命运之间建立了联系。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了代谢与干细胞分化和自我更新的表观遗传调控之间的可能联系。此外，我们描述了相关文献，这些文献可以解释代谢状态和营养的改变如何通过表观遗传修饰导致疾病发展。一个特别的章节专门讨论了生物钟、表观遗传机制的代谢转录调控及其在干细胞稳态中的作用之间的新联系。
