Costa Antônio Augusto Iponema, Della Bona Álvaro, Trentin Micheline Sandini
Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Erechim, RS, Brazil.
Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.
Braz Dent J. 2016 Jan-Feb;27(1):52-5. doi: 10.1590/0103-6440201600420.
Oral health care is fundamental to preserve the individual integrity and consequently influences the general health. This observational, cross-sectional and analytical study evaluated the oral condition of 129 intellectually disabled individuals from the Association of Parents and Friends of Exceptional Children (APAE) in three southern Brazilian cities. Dental caries (DMFT and dmft indices) and periodontal disease (PSR index) were evaluated considering the intellectual disability level. A questionnaire on socioeconomic status (income and education level) and the last visit to a dentist was answered by the subjects' parents/guardians. The data were statistically evaluated using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test (α=0.05). The mean DMFT values were 2.27, 3.76 and 0.58 (p<0.05), and the mean dmft values were 1.48, 1.55 and 2.75, respectively for subjects with mild, moderate and severe disabilities. Regarding the PSR index, 43% of the subjects presented gingivitis without retention factor (no calculus or defective margins) with no significant differences among the three disability levels. Considering the population and the limitations of this study, the subjects presenting severe disabilities showed significantly lower mean DMFT values compared to other disability levels, probably because the caretakers are responsible for the oral hygiene of such subjects.
口腔保健对于维护个体的整体健康至关重要，进而会影响总体健康状况。这项观察性、横断面分析研究评估了巴西南部三个城市中129名来自特殊儿童家长和朋友协会（APAE）的智障人士的口腔状况。根据智障程度评估了龋齿（DMFT和dmft指数）和牙周疾病（PSR指数）。受试者的父母/监护人回答了一份关于社会经济状况（收入和教育水平）以及上次看牙医情况的问卷。使用方差分析（ANOVA）和Tukey检验（α=0.05）对数据进行统计学评估。轻度、中度和重度残疾受试者的平均DMFT值分别为2.27、3.76和0.58（p<0.05），平均dmft值分别为1.48、1.55和2.75。关于PSR指数，43%的受试者患有无滞留因素的牙龈炎（无牙石或边缘缺损），三个残疾水平之间无显著差异。考虑到本研究的人群和局限性，与其他残疾水平相比，重度残疾受试者的平均DMFT值显著较低，这可能是因为护理人员负责此类受试者的口腔卫生。
