Shepherd Lara D, de Lange Peter J, Cox Simon, McLenachan Patricia A, Roskruge Nick R, Lockhart Peter J
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, Wellington, New Zealand.
School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
PLoS One. 2016 Mar 24;11(3):e0152455. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152455. eCollection 2016.
We use chloroplast DNA sequencing to examine aspects of the pre-European Māori cultivation of an endemic New Zealand root crop, Arthropodium cirratum (rengarenga). Researching the early stages of domestication is not possible for the majority of crops, because their cultivation began many thousands of years ago and/or they have been substantially altered by modern breeding methods. We found high levels of genetic variation and structuring characterised the natural distribution of A. cirratum, while the translocated populations only retained low levels of this diversity, indicating a strong bottleneck even at the early stages of this species' cultivation. The high structuring detected at four chloroplast loci within the natural A. cirratum range enabled the putative source(s) of the translocated populations to be identified as most likely located in the eastern Bay of Plenty/East Cape region. The high structuring within A. cirratum also has implications for the conservation of genetic diversity within this species, which has undergone recent declines in both its natural and translocated ranges.
我们利用叶绿体DNA测序来研究欧洲人到来之前毛利人对新西兰本土块根作物——卷须蜘蛛抱蛋（rengarenga，即Arthropodium cirratum）的种植情况。对于大多数作物而言，研究其驯化的早期阶段是不可能的，因为它们的种植始于数千年前，和/或已被现代育种方法大幅改变。我们发现，高水平的遗传变异和结构特征描述了卷须蜘蛛抱蛋的自然分布，而迁移种群仅保留了低水平的这种多样性，这表明即使在该物种种植的早期阶段也存在强烈的瓶颈效应。在卷须蜘蛛抱蛋自然分布范围内的四个叶绿体基因座检测到的高度结构特征，使得能够确定迁移种群的假定来源最有可能位于丰盛湾东部/东角地区。卷须蜘蛛抱蛋内部的高度结构特征也对该物种遗传多样性的保护具有影响，该物种在其自然分布范围和迁移分布范围内最近都有所减少。
