Acebes-Doria Angelita L, Leskey Tracy C, Bergh J Christopher
1Alson H. Smith Jr. Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech, Winchester, VA 22602 (
3USDA-ARS, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV, 25430 (
Environ Entomol. 2016 Jun 1;45(3):663-670. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvw018.
Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is a highly polyphagous invasive species and an important pest of orchard crops in the United States. In the Mid-Atlantic region, wild hosts of H. halys are common in woodlands that often border orchards, and H. halys movement from them into orchards poses ongoing management issues. To improve our understanding of host plant effects on H. halys populations at the orchard-woodland interface, nymphal survivorship, developmental duration, and adult fitness (size and fresh weight) on apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch), Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle), and northern catalpa (Catalpa speciosa (Warder)) were examined in laboratory studies. Specifically, we investigated nymphal performance on the foliage and fruiting structures of those hosts and on single- versus mixed-host diets, as well as the effects of host phenology on their suitability. Nymphal performance was poor on a diet of foliage alone, regardless of host. When fruiting structures were combined with foliage, peach was highly suitable for nymphal development and survivorship, whereas apple, Tree of Heaven, and catalpa were less so, although nymphal survival on Tree of Heaven was much greater later in the season than earlier. Mixed-host diets yielded increased nymphal survivorship and decreased developmental duration compared with diets of suboptimal single hosts. Adult size and weight were generally greater when they developed from nymphs reared on mixed diets. The implications of our results to the dispersal behavior, establishment, and management of H. halys are discussed.
褐边绿刺蛾（Halyomorpha halys (Stål)）（半翅目：蝽科）是一种多食性入侵物种，也是美国果园作物的重要害虫。在大西洋中部地区，褐边绿刺蛾的野生寄主在常与果园接壤的林地中很常见，而褐边绿刺蛾从这些林地进入果园给管理工作带来了持续挑战。为了更好地了解寄主植物对果园 - 林地交界处褐边绿刺蛾种群的影响，我们在实验室研究中考察了苹果（Malus domestica Borkh.）、桃（Prunus persica (L.) Batsch）、臭椿（Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle）和北方梓树（Catalpa speciosa (Warder)）上若虫的存活率、发育历期以及成虫适合度（大小和鲜重）。具体而言，我们研究了若虫在这些寄主的叶片和果实结构上以及单一寄主与混合寄主食物上的表现，以及寄主物候对其适合度的影响。无论寄主如何，仅以叶片为食时若虫的表现都很差。当果实结构与叶片结合时，桃非常适合若虫发育和存活，而苹果、臭椿和梓树则不太适合，不过臭椿上若虫在季节后期的存活率比早期高得多。与次优单一寄主食物相比。混合寄主食物使若虫存活率提高，发育历期缩短。从取食混合食物的若虫发育而来的成虫，其大小和重量通常更大。我们讨论了研究结果对褐边绿刺蛾扩散行为、定殖和管理的意义。
