Spear Scott L, Albino Frank P
Private Practice, Washington, DC, USA.
Department of Plastic Surgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Road, Northwest, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
Clin Plast Surg. 2016 Apr;43(2):395-401. doi: 10.1016/j.cps.2015.12.008. Epub 2016 Jan 26.
Postoperative nipple malposition can be an aesthetically devastating problem for patients and a formidable challenge for surgeons. Reduction mammoplasty often includes plans to elevate the nipple-areolar complex (NAC); however, overelevation should be avoided. Its management is complicated because of the limited amount of skin between the nipple and the sternal notch and the desire to avoid creating scars that lie above the nipple in the superior aspect of the breast. Although superior malposition of the NAC should and can be prevented, there are direct and indirect surgical techniques that can assist in repositioning the NAC to an acceptable location.
术后乳头位置异常对患者来说可能是一个严重影响美观的问题，对外科医生而言也是一项艰巨的挑战。缩乳术通常包括提升乳头乳晕复合体（NAC）的计划；然而，应避免过度提升。由于乳头与胸骨切迹之间的皮肤量有限，且希望避免在乳房上半部分形成高于乳头的瘢痕，其处理较为复杂。尽管NAC的上半部分位置异常应该且能够预防，但有直接和间接的手术技术可帮助将NAC重新定位到可接受的位置。
