Scharoun Sara M, Scanlan Kelly A, Bryden Pamela J
Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo ON, Canada.
Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo ON, Canada.
Front Psychol. 2016 Mar 16;7:360. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00360. eCollection 2016.
As numerous movement options are available in reaching and grasping, of particular interest are what factors influence an individual's choice of action. In the current study a preferential reaching task was used to assess the propensity for right handers to select their preferred hand and grasp a coffee mug by the handle in both independent and joint action object manipulation contexts. Mug location (right-space, midline, and left-space) and handle orientation (toward, away, to left, and to right of the participant) varied in four tasks that differed as a function of intention: (1) pick-up (unimanual, independent); (2) pick-up and pour (bimanual, independent); (3) pick-up and pass (unimanual, joint action); and (4) pick-up, pour and pass (bimanual, joint action). In line with previous reports, a right-hand preference for unimanual tasks was observed. Furthermore, extending existing literature to a preferential reaching task, role differentiation between the hands in bimanual tasks (i.e., preferred hand mobilizing, non-preferred hand stabilizing) was displayed. Finally, right-hand selection was greatest in right space, albeit lower in bimanual tasks compared to what is typically reported in unimanual tasks. Findings are attributed to the desire to maximize biomechanical efficiency in reaching. Grasp postures were also observed to reflect consideration of efficiency. More specifically, within independent object manipulation (pick-up; pick-up and pour) participants only grasped the mug by the handle when it afforded a comfortable posture. Furthermore, in joint action (pick-up and pass; pick-up, pour and pass), the confederate was only offered the handle if the intended action of the confederate was similar or required less effort than that of the participant. Together, findings from the current study add to our knowledge of hand and grasp selection in unimanual and bimanual object manipulation, within the context of both independent and joint action tasks.
由于在伸手和抓握过程中有多种动作选择，特别值得关注的是哪些因素会影响个体的动作选择。在当前的研究中，采用了一项偏好伸手任务，以评估右利手在独立和联合动作物体操作情境中选择其偏好的手并通过手柄抓取咖啡杯的倾向。在四个因意图而异的任务中，杯子位置（右侧空间、中线和左侧空间）和手柄方向（朝向参与者、远离参与者、在参与者左侧和右侧）有所不同：（1）拿起（单手，独立）；（2）拿起并倒出（双手，独立）；（3）拿起并传递（单手，联合动作）；以及（4）拿起、倒出并传递（双手，联合动作）。与之前的报告一致，观察到单手任务存在右利手偏好。此外，将现有文献扩展到偏好伸手任务，展示了双手任务中双手的角色差异（即偏好的手进行移动，非偏好的手进行稳定）。最后，在右侧空间中右手的选择最为明显，尽管与单手任务中通常报告的情况相比，双手任务中的选择较低。研究结果归因于在伸手时最大化生物力学效率的愿望。还观察到抓握姿势反映了对效率的考虑。更具体地说，在独立物体操作（拿起；拿起并倒出）中，只有当杯子提供舒适姿势时，参与者才会通过手柄抓取杯子。此外，在联合动作（拿起并传递；拿起、倒出并传递）中，只有当同谋的预期动作与参与者相似或所需努力比参与者小时，才会将手柄递给同谋。总之，当前研究的结果增加了我们在独立和联合动作任务背景下对单手和双手物体操作中手和抓握选择的认识。
Zotero 插件
