Kazeeroni Elham A, Al-Sadi Abdullah M
Department of Crop Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University Seeb, Oman.
Front Plant Sci. 2016 Mar 14;7:314. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00314. eCollection 2016.
Oasis farming system is common in some parts of the world, especially in the Arabian Peninsula and several African countries. In Oman, the farming system in the majority of farms follows a semi-oasis farming (SOF) system, which is characterized by growing multiple crops mainly for home consumption, but also for local market. This study was conducted to investigate fungal diversity using pyrosequencing approach in soils from a farm utilizing a SOF system which is cultivated with date palms, acid limes and cucumbers. Fungal diversity from this farm was compared to that from an organic farm (OR) growing cucumbers and tomatoes. Fungal diversity was found to be variable among different crops in the same farm. The observed OTUs, Chao1 richness estimates and Shannon diversity values indicated that soils from date palms and acid limes have higher fungal diversity compared to soil from cucumbers (SOF). In addition, they also indicated that the level of fungal diversity is higher in the rhizosphere of cucumbers grown in OR compared to SOF. Ascomycota was the most dominant phylum in most of the samples from the OR and SOF farms. Other dominant phyla are Microsporidia, Chytridiomycota, and Basidiomycota. The differential level of fungal diversity within the SOF could be related to the variation in the cultural practices employed for each crop.
绿洲农业系统在世界某些地区很常见，尤其是在阿拉伯半岛和几个非洲国家。在阿曼，大多数农场的农业系统采用半绿洲农业（SOF）系统，其特点是种植多种作物，主要供家庭消费，但也供应当地市场。本研究采用焦磷酸测序方法，对一个采用SOF系统种植枣椰树、酸橙和黄瓜的农场土壤中的真菌多样性进行了调查。将该农场的真菌多样性与一个种植黄瓜和西红柿的有机农场（OR）的真菌多样性进行了比较。结果发现，同一农场不同作物的真菌多样性存在差异。观察到的操作分类单元（OTU）、Chao1丰富度估计值和香农多样性值表明，枣椰树和酸橙土壤中的真菌多样性高于黄瓜土壤（SOF）。此外，这些结果还表明，与SOF相比，OR中种植的黄瓜根际的真菌多样性水平更高。子囊菌门是OR和SOF农场大多数样本中最主要的菌门。其他主要菌门是微孢子虫门、壶菌门和担子菌门。SOF内真菌多样性的差异水平可能与每种作物采用的栽培方式的变化有关。
