Farlora Rodolfo, Valenzuela-Muñoz Valentina, Chávez-Mardones Jacqueline, Gallardo-Escárate Cristian
Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), University of Concepción, P.O. Box 160-C., Chile.
Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), University of Concepción, P.O. Box 160-C., Chile.
Gene. 2016 Jul 1;585(1):119-127. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.03.035. Epub 2016 Mar 23.
Aquaporins are small integral membrane proteins that function as pore channels for the transport of water and other small solutes across the cell membrane. Considering the important roles of these proteins in several biological processes, including host-parasite interactions, there has been increased research on aquaporin proteins recently. The present study expands on the knowledge of aquaporin family genes in parasitic copepods, examining diversity and expression during the ontogeny of the sea louse Caligus rogercresseyi. Furthermore, aquaporin expression was evaluated during the early infestation of Atlantic (Salmo salar) and Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Deep transcriptome sequencing data revealed eight full length and two partial open reading frames belonging to the aquaporin protein family. Clustering analyses with identified Caligidae sequences revealed three major clades of aquaglyceroporins (Cr-Glp), classical aquaporin channels (Cr-Bib and Cr-PripL), and unorthodox aquaporins (Cr-Aqp12-like). In silico analysis revealed differential expression of aquaporin genes between developmental stages and between sexes. Male-biased expression of Cr-Glp1_v1 and female-biased expression of Cr-Bib were further confirmed in adults by RT-qPCR. Additionally, gene expressions were measured for seven aquaporins during the early infestation stage. The majority of aquaporin genes showed significant differential transcription expressions between sea lice parasitizing different hosts, with Atlantic salmon sea lice exhibiting overall reduced expression as compared to Coho salmon. The observed differences in the regulation of aquaporin genes may reveal osmoregulatory adaptations associated with nutrient ingestion and metabolite waste export, exposing complex host-parasite relationships in C. rogercresseyi.
水通道蛋白是一类小的整合膜蛋白，作为孔道用于水和其他小分子溶质跨细胞膜的运输。鉴于这些蛋白在包括宿主 - 寄生虫相互作用在内的多种生物学过程中发挥重要作用，最近对水通道蛋白的研究有所增加。本研究扩展了对寄生桡足类动物水通道蛋白家族基因的认识，研究了海虱Caligus rogercresseyi个体发育过程中的多样性和表达情况。此外，还评估了大西洋鲑（Salmo salar）和银大麻哈鱼（Oncorhynchus kisutch）早期感染期间水通道蛋白的表达。深度转录组测序数据揭示了属于水通道蛋白家族的8个全长和2个部分开放阅读框。与已鉴定的海鲺科序列进行聚类分析，揭示了水甘油通道蛋白（Cr - Glp）、经典水通道蛋白通道（Cr - Bib和Cr - PripL）和非正统水通道蛋白（Cr - Aqp12 - like）的三个主要进化枝。电子分析显示水通道蛋白基因在发育阶段和性别之间存在差异表达。通过RT - qPCR进一步证实了成年个体中Cr - Glp1_v1的雄性偏向表达和Cr - Bib的雌性偏向表达。此外，在早期感染阶段测量了7种水通道蛋白的基因表达。大多数水通道蛋白基因在寄生不同宿主的海虱之间显示出显著的差异转录表达，与银大麻哈鱼相比，寄生在大西洋鲑上的海虱总体表达降低。观察到的水通道蛋白基因调控差异可能揭示了与营养摄入和代谢废物输出相关的渗透调节适应，揭示了C. rogercresseyi中复杂的宿主 - 寄生虫关系。
