Marmamula Srinivas, Shekhar Konegari, Banerjee Seema, Khanna Rohit C, Rao Gullapalli N
a Allen Foster Community Eye Health Research Centre, Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye Care , L V Prasad Eye Institute , Hyderabad , India.
b Bausch & Lomb School of Optometry , L V Prasad Eye Institute , Hyderabad , India.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2016 Jun;23(3):171-5. doi: 10.3109/09286586.2015.1051235. Epub 2016 Mar 30.
To assess the prevalence and causes of unilateral visual impairment (VI) in the South Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.
A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted among individuals aged ≥40 years in one urban and two rural locations, using rapid assessment methodology. A 2-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select 7800 individuals from 156 clusters. Distance visual acuity (VA) was assessed using a standard Snellen chart at a distance of 6 m. Eye examinations were conducted using a torchlight and distance direct ophthalmoscopy. Unilateral VI was defined as presenting VA <6/18 in one eye and presenting VA ≥6/18 in the other, and included moderate unilateral VI (<6/18 to 6/60) and unilateral blindness (<6/60).
In total, 7378 individuals (94.6%) were examined. After excluding 918 individuals with VI in the better eye, data were analyzed for the remaining 6460 individuals. Among those included in the analysis, mean age was 50 years (standard deviation 9.6 years), 46.7% were male, 58.9% had no education, and 34.1% were urban residents. The prevalence of unilateral VI was 11.3% (95% confidence interval 10.5-12.1%; n = 730). Uncorrected refractive error was found to be the leading cause (44%; n = 321) of unilateral VI followed by cataract (39.7%; n = 290).
Unilateral VI is common in the South Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. As most of this VI can be addressed with interventions such as cataract surgery and spectacles, service models need to be streamlined to address this need.
评估印度南部安得拉邦单侧视力损害（VI）的患病率及病因。
采用快速评估方法，在一个城市和两个农村地区对年龄≥40岁的人群开展基于人群的横断面研究。采用两阶段整群随机抽样方法从156个群组中选取7800名个体。在6米距离使用标准斯内伦视力表评估远视力（VA）。使用手电筒和直接检眼镜进行眼部检查。单侧VI定义为一只眼睛的呈现视力<6/18且另一只眼睛的呈现视力≥6/18，包括中度单侧VI（<6/18至6/60）和单侧失明（<6/60）。
总共检查了7378名个体（94.6%）。在排除918名较好眼有VI的个体后，对其余6460名个体的数据进行了分析。纳入分析的个体中，平均年龄为50岁（标准差9.6岁），46.7%为男性，58.9%未接受过教育，34.1%为城市居民。单侧VI的患病率为11.3%（95%置信区间10.5 - 12.1%；n = 730）。发现未矫正屈光不正为单侧VI的主要原因（44%；n = 321），其次是白内障（39.7%；n = 290）。
单侧VI在印度南部安得拉邦很常见。由于大部分此类VI可通过白内障手术和眼镜等干预措施解决，因此需要简化服务模式以满足这一需求。
