Jasani Bonny, Kabra Nandkishor, Nanavati Ruchi
Department of Neonatology, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Correspondence to: Dr Bonny Jasani, Department of Neonatology, King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women. Perth, WA 6008.
Indian Pediatr. 2016 Mar;53(3):229-34. doi: 10.1007/s13312-016-0826-z.
Surfactant replacement therapy is an established modality of treatment in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. In addition, there are various neonatal respiratory disorders which are characterized by surfactant deficiency in which surfactant therapy can be a feasible and safe option.
To collate the literature on the use of surfactant replacement therapy in neonates beyond respiratory distress syndrome and examine the evidence and newer developments.
We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, The Cochrane Library), MEDLINE, and EMBASE up to June 2015; and previous reviews, including cross-references, abstracts, and conference proceedings.
Evidence supports surfactant administration via bolus route in neonates with meconium aspiration syndrome, but additional robust evidence is required before its adoption in clinical practice. There is limited evidence to support surfactant therapy in neonates with pneumonia, pulmonary hemorrhage and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Large multicenter randomized trials are needed to cement or refute the role of surfactant therapy in these disorders.
表面活性剂替代疗法是治疗早产新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的既定方法。此外，还有各种以表面活性剂缺乏为特征的新生儿呼吸系统疾病，表面活性剂疗法可能是一种可行且安全的选择。
整理关于表面活性剂替代疗法在呼吸窘迫综合征以外的新生儿中的应用的文献，并审查证据和新进展。
我们检索了截至2015年6月的Cochrane对照试验中央登记册（CENTRAL，Cochrane图书馆）、MEDLINE和EMBASE；以及以前的综述，包括交叉引用、摘要和会议记录。
有证据支持在胎粪吸入综合征新生儿中通过推注途径给予表面活性剂，但在临床实践中采用之前还需要更多有力证据。支持在患有肺炎、肺出血和支气管肺发育不良的新生儿中使用表面活性剂疗法的证据有限。需要进行大型多中心随机试验来确定或反驳表面活性剂疗法在这些疾病中的作用。
