Yepes Maryam, Maurer Jürgen, Stringhini Silvia, Viswanathan Barathi, Gedeon Jude, Bovet Pascal
Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Health Educ Behav. 2016 Apr;43(1 Suppl):56S-63S. doi: 10.1177/1090198116630527.
While obesity continues to rise globally, the associations between body size, gender, and socioeconomic status (SES) seem to vary in different populations, and little is known on the contribution of perceived ideal body size in the social disparity of obesity in African countries.
We examined the gender and socioeconomic patterns of body mass index (BMI) and perceived ideal body size in the Seychelles, a middle-income small island state in the African region. We also assessed the potential role of perceived ideal body size as a mediator for the gender-specific association between SES and BMI.
A population-based survey of 1,240 adults aged 25 to 64 years conducted in December 2013. Participants' BMI was calculated based on measured weight and height; ideal body size was assessed using a nine-silhouette instrument. Three SES indicators were considered: income, education, and occupation.
BMI and perceived ideal body size were both higher among men of higher versus lower SES (p< .001) but lower among women of higher versus lower SES (p< .001), irrespective of the SES indicator used. Multivariate analysis showed a strong and direct association between perceived ideal body size and BMI in both men and women (p< .001) and was consistent with a potential mediating role of perceived ideal body size in the gender-specific associations between SES and BMI.
Our study emphasizes the importance of gender and socioeconomic differences in BMI and ideal body size and suggests that public health interventions that promote perception of healthy weight could help mitigate SES-related disparities in BMI.
虽然全球肥胖率持续上升，但不同人群中体型、性别和社会经济地位（SES）之间的关联似乎有所不同，而在非洲国家，人们对理想体型认知在肥胖社会差异中的作用知之甚少。
我们研究了非洲地区中等收入小岛屿国家塞舌尔体重指数（BMI）和理想体型认知的性别及社会经济模式。我们还评估了理想体型认知作为SES与BMI之间性别特异性关联中介因素的潜在作用。
2013年12月对1240名年龄在25至64岁的成年人进行了一项基于人群的调查。根据测量的体重和身高计算参与者的BMI；使用九种体型工具评估理想体型。考虑了三个SES指标：收入、教育程度和职业。
无论使用何种SES指标，较高SES男性的BMI和理想体型认知均高于较低SES男性（p<0.001），但较高SES女性的BMI和理想体型认知低于较低SES女性（p<0.001）。多变量分析显示，男性和女性的理想体型认知与BMI之间均存在强烈的直接关联（p<0.001），这与理想体型认知在SES与BMI之间的性别特异性关联中可能起到的中介作用一致。
我们的研究强调了BMI和理想体型中性别及社会经济差异的重要性，并表明促进对健康体重认知的公共卫生干预措施可能有助于减轻与SES相关的BMI差异。
