Kassebaum Nicholas J
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2016 Apr;30(2):247-308. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2015.11.002.
Anemia is an important cause of health loss. We estimated levels and trends of nonfatal anemia burden for 23 distinct etiologies in 188 countries, 20 age groups, and both sexes from 1990 to 2013. All available population-level anemia data were collected and standardized. We estimated mean hemoglobin, prevalence of anemia by severity, quantitative disability owing to anemia, and underlying etiology for each population using the approach of the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries and Risk Factors 2013 Study. Anemia burden is high. Developing countries account for 89% of all anemia-related disability. Iron-deficiency anemia remains the dominant cause of anemia.
贫血是导致健康损失的一个重要原因。我们估算了1990年至2013年间188个国家、20个年龄组以及男女两性中23种不同病因导致的非致命性贫血负担的水平和趋势。收集并标准化了所有可得的人群层面贫血数据。我们采用《2013年全球疾病、伤害及风险因素负担研究》的方法，估算了每个群体的平均血红蛋白水平、按严重程度划分的贫血患病率、因贫血导致的定量残疾以及潜在病因。贫血负担很重。发展中国家占所有与贫血相关残疾的89%。缺铁性贫血仍然是贫血的主要原因。
