Eyelade Olayinka, Sanusi Arinola, Adigun Tinuola, Adejumo Olufemi
Department of Anaesthesia, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Ann Afr Med. 2016 Apr-Jun;15(2):78-82. doi: 10.4103/1596-3519.176204.
Presence of comorbidity in surgical patients may be associated with adverse perioperative events and increased the risk of morbidity and mortality. This audit was conducted to determine the frequencies of comorbidities in elective surgical patients and the outcome of anesthesia in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria.
Observational study of a cross-section of adult patients scheduled for elective surgery over a 6-month period. A standardized questionnaire was used to document patients' demographics, the presence of comorbidity and type, surgical diagnosis, anesthetic technique, intraoperative adverse events, and outcome of anesthesia. The questionnaire was administered pre- and post-operatively to determine the effects of the comorbidities on the outcome of anesthesia.
One hundred and sixty-five adult patients aged between 18 and 84 years were studied. There were 89 (53.9%) females and 76 (46.1%) males. Forty-five (27.3%) have at least one comorbidity. Hypertension was the most common (48.8%) associated illness. Other comorbidities identified include anemia (17.8%), asthma (8.9%), diabetes mellitus (6.7%), chronic renal disease (6.7%), and others. The perioperative period was uneventful in majority of patients (80.6%) despite the presence of comorbidities. Intraoperative adverse events include hypotension, hypertension, shivering, and vomiting. No mortality was reported.
Hypertension was the most common comorbidity in this cohort of patients. The presence of comorbidity did not significantly affect the outcome of anesthesia in elective surgical patients.
外科手术患者存在合并症可能与围手术期不良事件相关，并增加发病和死亡风险。本次审计旨在确定尼日利亚一家三级医院择期手术患者的合并症发生率及麻醉结果。
对6个月内计划进行择期手术的成年患者进行横断面观察性研究。使用标准化问卷记录患者的人口统计学信息、合并症的存在情况及类型、手术诊断、麻醉技术、术中不良事件和麻醉结果。术前和术后发放问卷以确定合并症对麻醉结果的影响。
研究了165例年龄在18至84岁之间的成年患者。其中女性89例（53.9%），男性76例（46.1%）。45例（27.3%）患者至少有一种合并症。高血压是最常见的相关疾病（48.8%）。其他确定的合并症包括贫血（17.8%）、哮喘（8.9%）、糖尿病（6.7%）、慢性肾病（6.7%）等。尽管存在合并症，但大多数患者（80.6%）围手术期情况平稳。术中不良事件包括低血压、高血压、寒战和呕吐。无死亡报告。
高血压是该组患者中最常见的合并症。合并症的存在并未显著影响择期手术患者的麻醉结果。
