Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
J Prosthodont. 2018 Mar;27(3):284-289. doi: 10.1111/jopr.12486. Epub 2016 Apr 14.
The distribution of temperature in a dental implant following hot food and beverage consumption is essential for evaluating the hazard this process may have on bone health. The purpose of this study was to predict the temperature distribution in the dental implant with/without a crown and the bone crest in contact with it using the finite element method.
A 3D model of the implant and the mandible was prepared by using computer-aided design software. Implants were investigated in three cases: without crown (BHI), with ceramic crown (MHIc), and with zirconia crown (MHIz). Subsequently, temperature distribution was numerically determined along the implant system for two heat loadings.
In loading type I, the maximum temperature of the surrounding bone at the cervical implant/bone interface was obtained in the BHI model (39.1°C), and the lowest was obtained in the MHIc model (37.6°C). The maximum temperature rise in loading type II also took place in the BHI model (41.7°C). Moreover, the BHI model showed a rapid rise to the maximum temperature followed by a fast recovery compared to its two counterparts (MHIc, MHIz). In both loading types, the maximum temperature at the first point of contact between the implant and bone, and apical implant/bone interface was slightly higher in the MHIz than that in the MHIc. The maximum temperature in all the models was higher when subjected to cyclic loading. The maximum temperatures reached in all the models were lower than threshold temperatures, so thermal loading alone does not harm the jawbone. Moreover, the BHI was more vulnerable than the MHIc and the MHIz.
The results of this study suggest that dental implants should be covered with crowns as soon as possible, and patients with dental implants should avoid consumption of hot food and beverages without allowing time for the heat to dissipate.
评估热食和饮料对骨健康的危害，需要了解牙科植入物在食用热食和饮料后温度的分布情况。本研究的目的是使用有限元法预测带/不带牙冠的牙科植入物及其与之接触的牙槽嵴的温度分布。
使用计算机辅助设计软件制备植入物和下颌骨的 3D 模型。在三种情况下研究了植入物：不带牙冠（BHI）、带陶瓷牙冠（MHIc）和带氧化锆牙冠（MHIz）。随后，针对两种热负荷情况数值确定了植入系统的温度分布。
在加载类型 I 中，在 BHI 模型中，在颈部植入物/骨界面处周围骨的最大温度为 39.1°C，而在 MHIc 模型中，最低温度为 37.6°C。在加载类型 II 中，最大温升也发生在 BHI 模型中（41.7°C）。此外，与另外两个模型（MHIc、MHIz）相比，BHI 模型在达到最大温度后迅速恢复。在两种加载类型中，在植入物和骨的第一接触点以及根尖植入物/骨界面处的最大温度，在 MHIz 中略高于 MHIc。在所有模型中，循环加载时的最大温度更高。所有模型中达到的最大温度均低于阈值温度，因此热负荷本身不会损害颌骨。此外，BHI 比 MHIc 和 MHIz 更脆弱。
本研究结果表明，牙科植入物应尽快覆盖牙冠，并且植入牙科植入物的患者应避免食用热食和饮料，以免热量散发。
