Chang Chiou Ling, Goodman Cynthia L, Ringbauer Joseph, Geib Scott M, Stanley David
USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Daniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, Hawaii, USA.
USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
Arch Insect Biochem Physiol. 2016 Jul;92(3):192-209. doi: 10.1002/arch.21330. Epub 2016 Apr 15.
The sterile insect technique (SIT) was developed to eradicate the new world screwworm from the southern United States and Mexico, and became a component of many area-wide integrated pest management programs, particularly useful in managing tephritid fruit flies. SIT is based on the idea of rearing and sterilizing male pests, originally by ionizing radiation, and then releasing into field, where they compete for and mate with wild females. Mating with sterile males leads to reduced fecundity to lower pest populations. There are concerns with the use and distribution of radioisotopes for SIT programs, which have led to developing X-ray irradiation protocols to sterilize insects. We considered the possibility that X-ray irradiation exerts sublethal impacts aside form sterilizing insects. Such effects may not be directly observable, which led us to the hypothesis that X-ray irradiation in one life stage creates alterations in biological fitness and protein expression in the subsequent stage. We tested our hypothesis by irradiating larvae of Bactrocera dorsalis. There are two major points. One, exposing larvae to X-ray treatments led to reduced adult emergence, fecundity, fertility, and flight capacity from the corresponding pupae and emerged adults. Two, the X-ray treatments led to substantial expression changes in 27 pupal proteins. We assorted the 67 spots representing these proteins into three groups, metabolism, development, and structure. Our interpretation is these X-ray induced changes in biological performance and protein expression indicate their adult counterparts may be disabled in their abilities to successfully compete for and mate wild females in native habitats.
不育昆虫技术（SIT）旨在根除美国南部和墨西哥的新大陆螺旋蝇，并成为许多区域综合虫害管理计划的一部分，在管理实蝇科果蝇方面尤为有用。SIT基于饲养和使雄性害虫不育的理念，最初是通过电离辐射，然后释放到田间，在那里它们与野生雌性竞争并交配。与不育雄性交配会导致繁殖力下降，从而降低害虫种群数量。人们对SIT计划中放射性同位素的使用和分布存在担忧，这促使人们开发X射线辐照方案来使昆虫不育。我们考虑了X射线辐照除了使昆虫不育之外还会产生亚致死影响的可能性。这些影响可能无法直接观察到，这使我们提出一个假设，即在一个生命阶段进行X射线辐照会导致后续阶段生物适应性和蛋白质表达发生改变。我们通过辐照桔小实蝇的幼虫来检验我们的假设。有两个主要要点。其一，将幼虫暴露于X射线处理会导致相应蛹和羽化后的成虫的成虫羽化率、繁殖力、生育力和飞行能力降低。其二，X射线处理导致27种蛹期蛋白质的表达发生显著变化。我们将代表这些蛋白质的67个斑点分为三组，即代谢、发育和结构组。我们的解释是，这些X射线诱导的生物性能和蛋白质表达变化表明，它们的成虫在原生栖息地成功与野生雌性竞争并交配的能力可能会受到损害。
