Racy Emmanuel
Orthod Fr. 2016 Mar;87(1):115-7. doi: 10.1051/orthodfr/2016014. Epub 2016 Apr 15.
The term "dysmorphic disorder" is used in psychiatry to define an obsessive fear of being ugly or deformed. Orthognathic surgery can entail varying degrees of facial change in patients. However, it is widely acknowledged that some patients find it difficult to adjust to the changes, either as a result of what they see in the mirror or of comments from those around them. Occasionally, the psychological impact of the transformation exceeds the extent of the modification itself. The term "dysmorphic disorder" is applied to this type of psychological suffering due to an inability to adapt. It is the duty of practitioners (orthodontists and surgeons) to screen patients who show signs during their first appointments of psychological fragility in order either to dissuade them from choosing a surgical route involving a high potential for transformation or to assist them, with professional support from a psychologist or psychotherapist, towards accepting the change.
“畸形障碍”一词在精神病学中用于定义对丑陋或畸形的强迫性恐惧。正颌手术可能会给患者带来不同程度的面部变化。然而，人们普遍认识到，一些患者发现难以适应这些变化，这要么是因为他们在镜子中看到的样子，要么是因为周围人的评论。偶尔，这种转变的心理影响会超过改变本身的程度。“畸形障碍”一词适用于这种因无法适应而产生的心理痛苦。从业者（正畸医生和外科医生）有责任筛查那些在首次就诊时表现出心理脆弱迹象的患者，以便要么劝阻他们选择具有高转变可能性的手术途径，要么在心理学家或心理治疗师的专业支持下帮助他们接受这种变化。
