Komiyama Yutaka
Rinsho Byori. 2015 Dec;63(12):1397-404.
An understanding and ability to develop a strategy to prevent pre-analytical errors of laboratory tests in the hemostasis area are two of the most important skills of medical technologists and related doctors. Recently, the working group for standardization of sampling in coagulation tests is working towards a consensus. This article reviews a summary of the consensus: (1) The anticoagulant for coagulation tests is 3.13-3.2% sodium citrate at a ratio of 1:9 to whole blood and the accuracy of the ratio is within 10%. (2) Blood sampling is achieved with the use of a 21-23G needle and coagulation. Blood sampling can be achieved by both a syringe and vacuum tube system. After taking blood, laboratory tests such as of the prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) should be completed within one hour and the storage temperature should be at room temperature, not ice-cold conditions. 3) To prepare a plasma sample, citrated blood is centrifuged at 1,500 x g for 15 min at room temperature to minimize the remaining platelets in plasma (below 10,000/microL at least).
理解并制定预防止血领域实验室检测分析前误差的策略的能力，是医学技术人员及相关医生最重要的两项技能。最近，凝血检测采样标准化工作组正在努力达成共识。本文回顾了该共识的要点：（1）凝血检测的抗凝剂是3.13 - 3.2%的柠檬酸钠，与全血的比例为1:9，比例的准确性在10%以内。（2）使用21 - 23G针头进行采血及凝血检测。采血可通过注射器和真空管系统实现。采血后，凝血酶原时间（PT）和活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）等实验室检测应在1小时内完成，储存温度应为室温，而非冰冷条件。（3）为制备血浆样本，枸橼酸盐血在室温下以1500×g离心15分钟，以尽量减少血浆中残留的血小板（至少低于10,000/微升）。
