Langhans Markus, Weber Wadim, Babel Laura, Grunewald Miriam, Meckel Tobias
Membrane Dynamics, Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany, Schnittspahnstrasse 3, 64297, Darmstadt, Germany.
Protoplasma. 2017 Jan;254(1):95-108. doi: 10.1007/s00709-016-0970-2. Epub 2016 Apr 18.
Cells of multicellular organisms are surrounded by and attached to a matrix of fibrous polysaccharides and proteins known as the extracellular matrix. This fibrous network not only serves as a structural support to cells and tissues but also plays an integral part in the process as important as proliferation, differentiation, or defense. While at first sight, the extracellular matrices of plant and animals do not have much in common, a closer look reveals remarkable similarities. In particular, the proteins involved in the adhesion of the cell to the extracellular matrix share many functional properties. At the sequence level, however, a surprising lack of homology is found between adhesion-related proteins of plants and animals. Both protein machineries only reveal similarities between small subdomains and motifs, which further underlines their functional relationship. In this review, we provide an overview on the similarities between motifs in proteins known to be located at the plant cell wall-plasma membrane-cytoskeleton interface to proteins of the animal adhesome. We also show that by comparing the proteome of both adhesion machineries at the level of motifs, we are also able to identify potentially new candidate proteins that functionally contribute to the adhesion of the plant plasma membrane to the cell wall.
多细胞生物的细胞被一层称为细胞外基质的纤维多糖和蛋白质基质所包围并与之相连。这个纤维网络不仅为细胞和组织提供结构支撑，还在增殖、分化或防御等重要过程中发挥不可或缺的作用。乍一看，植物和动物的细胞外基质没有太多共同之处，但仔细观察会发现显著的相似性。特别是，参与细胞与细胞外基质黏附的蛋白质具有许多共同的功能特性。然而，在序列水平上，植物和动物的黏附相关蛋白质之间惊人地缺乏同源性。这两种蛋白质机制仅在小的亚结构域和基序之间显示出相似性，这进一步强调了它们的功能关系。在这篇综述中，我们概述了已知位于植物细胞壁 - 质膜 - 细胞骨架界面的蛋白质基序与动物黏附体蛋白质之间的相似性。我们还表明，通过在基序水平上比较这两种黏附机制的蛋白质组，我们还能够识别出可能在功能上有助于植物质膜与细胞壁黏附的新候选蛋白质。
