Hao Haihong, Zhou Shengxi, Cheng Guyue, Dai Menghong, Wang Xu, Liu Zhenli, Wang Yulian, Yuan Zonghui
National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China; MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.
MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, China.
Front Microbiol. 2016 Apr 8;7:477. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00477. eCollection 2016.
To evaluate microbiological safety of tulathromycin on human intestinal bacteria, tulathromycin (0, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μg/mL) was added into Chemostats. Before and after drug exposure, we monitored (1) population, SCFA products, antimicrobial resistance, and colonization resistance of gut microbiota, and (2) the antimicrobial resistance genes, transferability, virulent genes, pathogenicity of Enterococus faecalis. Results showed that low level of tulathromycin did not exhibit microbiological hazard on resistance selection and colonization resistance. However, high level of tulathromycin (10 and 100 μg/mL) may disturb colonization resistance of human gut microbiota and select antimicrobial resistant E. faecalis. Most of the selected resistant E. faecalis carried resistant gene of ermB, transferable element of Tn1545 and three virulence genes (esp, cylA, and ace). One of them (E. faecalis 143) was confirmed to have higher horizontal transfer risk and higher pathogenicity. The calculated no observable adverse effect concentration (NOAEC) and microbiological acceptable daily intake (mADI) in our study was 1 μg/mL and 14.66 μg/kg.bw/day, respectively.
为评估泰拉霉素对人体肠道细菌的微生物安全性，将泰拉霉素（0、0.1、1、10和100μg/mL）添加到恒化器中。在药物暴露前后，我们监测了（1）肠道微生物群的数量、短链脂肪酸产物、抗微生物药物耐药性和定植抗性，以及（2）粪肠球菌的抗微生物药物耐药基因、可转移性、毒力基因和致病性。结果表明，低水平的泰拉霉素在耐药性选择和定植抗性方面未表现出微生物学危害。然而，高水平的泰拉霉素（10和100μg/mL）可能会干扰人体肠道微生物群的定植抗性，并选择耐抗微生物药物的粪肠球菌。大多数所选的耐抗微生物药物粪肠球菌携带ermB耐药基因、Tn1545可转移元件和三个毒力基因（esp、cylA和ace）。其中之一（粪肠球菌143）被证实具有较高的水平转移风险和较高的致病性。在我们的研究中，计算得出的无可见不良效应浓度（NOAEC）和微生物学可接受每日摄入量（mADI）分别为1μg/mL和14.66μg/kg体重/天。
