Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei 230601, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
Psychiatry Res. 2016 Jun 30;240:103-109. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.08.046. Epub 2016 Apr 13.
The aim of this study was to explore the change and associated risk and protective factors of social anxiety symptoms among Chinese children. A 2-year longitudinal study was performed in a general primary and secondary school population in Anhui Province, China including 816 children in grades 3, 4, and 7. Children's social anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Social Anxiety Scales for Children (SASC) at three assessments. The overall prevalence of children's elevated social anxiety symptoms ranged from 15.2% to 16.4% across three assessments. Children's overall mean SASC scores were 5.6 (SD =3.7), 5.3 (SD =3.8), and 5.3 (SD =4.1) at three assessments, respectively, but the difference was not statistically significant. However, children's social anxiety symptom levels and change among different subgroups was not stable across 2-year follow-up. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that age, severe family dysfunction, quality of life, positive coping, negative coping, depressive symptoms and self-esteem were predictive factors for childhood elevated social anxiety symptoms. The findings suggested that the overall social anxiety symptoms showed a relatively stable pattern over time. The identified risk and protective factors may provide scientific evidence for school, family, and health authorities to conduct necessary intervention.
本研究旨在探讨中国儿童社交焦虑症状的变化及其相关的风险和保护因素。在中国安徽省的一所普通小学和中学进行了一项为期 2 年的纵向研究，共纳入了 816 名 3、4 和 7 年级的学生。在 3 次评估中，使用儿童社交焦虑量表（SASC）评估儿童的社交焦虑症状。在 3 次评估中，儿童社交焦虑症状的整体患病率在 15.2%至 16.4%之间。儿童的总体平均 SASC 评分为 5.6（SD=3.7）、5.3（SD=3.8）和 5.3（SD=4.1），但差异无统计学意义。然而，儿童在 2 年随访期间不同亚组的社交焦虑症状水平和变化并不稳定。多变量逻辑回归分析表明，年龄、严重家庭功能障碍、生活质量、积极应对、消极应对、抑郁症状和自尊是儿童社交焦虑症状升高的预测因素。研究结果表明，整体社交焦虑症状随时间呈现相对稳定的模式。确定的风险和保护因素可为学校、家庭和卫生当局提供科学依据，以进行必要的干预。
