Conners-Burrow Nicola A, McKelvey Lorraine, Perry Deborah, Whiteside-Mansell Leanne, Kraleti Shashank, Mesman Glenn, Holmes Khiela, Kyzer Angela
Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 521 Jack Stephens Drive #530, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2016 Mar;20(3):516-24. doi: 10.1007/s10995-015-1849-0.
Examine the association between mothers' low- and high-level depressive symptoms in early childhood and children's behavior problems in middle childhood.
We used data from 1844 families in a multi-site, longitudinal study beginning when children were 14 months and continuing to age 11 years. Children's internalizing and externalizing behavior problems at age 11 were assessed using the child behavior checklist for ages 6-18. Mothers' scores on the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale when children were 14 months were used to classify them into three groups: 'no depressive symptoms', 'low-level depressive symptoms (below the clinical cut-off)' and 'clinically significant depressive symptoms (above the clinical cut-off).'
Mothers were racially/ethnically diverse, including Caucasian (38.9 %), African-American (34.4 %), Hispanic (21.6 %), or other (5.1 %). More than one-third (39.2 %) were teenaged mothers, and 46.0 % did not complete high school. Of the 1844 families, 1172 had age 11 child outcome data. Logistic regression analyses controlling for family demographics revealed a significant association between early maternal depressive symptoms and later child behavioral outcomes. Both low level and clinically significant symptoms were associated with internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. For example, children whose mothers had low-level depressive symptoms were twice as likely to have clinically elevated internalizing problems compared with children whose mothers never had symptoms of depression.
Children whose mothers experience low-level depressive symptoms early in their development have increased risk for later behavioral problems, suggesting a possible need for new screening and intervention strategies for mothers with lower than clinically elevated symptoms.
研究幼儿期母亲的低水平和高水平抑郁症状与童年中期儿童行为问题之间的关联。
我们使用了来自1844个家庭的多地点纵向研究数据，该研究始于儿童14个月大时，并持续到11岁。使用6 - 18岁儿童行为检查表评估11岁儿童的内化和外化行为问题。母亲在孩子14个月大时的流行病学研究中心抑郁量表得分被用于将她们分为三组：“无抑郁症状”、“低水平抑郁症状（低于临床临界值）”和“具有临床意义的抑郁症状（高于临床临界值）”。
母亲在种族/民族上具有多样性，包括白人（38.9%）、非裔美国人（34.4%）、西班牙裔（21.6%）或其他（5.1%）。超过三分之一（39.2%）是青少年母亲，46.0%没有完成高中学业。在1844个家庭中，1172个家庭有11岁儿童的结果数据。控制家庭人口统计学因素的逻辑回归分析显示，早期母亲抑郁症状与后期儿童行为结果之间存在显著关联。低水平和具有临床意义的症状均与内化和外化行为问题相关。例如，与母亲从未有过抑郁症状的儿童相比，母亲有低水平抑郁症状的儿童出现临床升高的内化问题的可能性是其两倍。
母亲在其孩子发育早期经历低水平抑郁症状的儿童，后期出现行为问题的风险增加，这表明可能需要针对症状低于临床升高水平的母亲制定新的筛查和干预策略。
