Nikoukar N, Kumar E P, Suresh B, Sualiman S M, Venkataraman B V
Depatment of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, Rockland, Ootacamund, Niligiris - 643 001.
Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1999 Jan;43(1):99-103.
The present study was conducted on rats exposed to LD50 and sublethal doses of malathion for acute and chronic toxicity in the presence and absence of carbon tetrachloride (CC1(4)) induced liver injury. In acute malathion poisoning either in the presence or absence of CC1(4), erythrocyte cholinesterase (EChE) and plasma cholinesterase (PChE) declined significantly. Correlation between toxic signs and enzyme activities existed in the early phase of exposure (10 min). Acute treatment of CC1(4) and. malathion did not significantly alter aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotIransferase (ALT) activities. In chronic poisoning, the blood cholinesterases (ChE) were significantly lowered with corresponding elevation of AST and ALT which was noticed for 2 wk after the withdrawal of malathion. The findings suggest that the persons with pre-existing liver diseases may exhibit enhanced toxicological responses to pesticides.
本研究针对暴露于致死剂量50%和亚致死剂量马拉硫磷的大鼠，在有和没有四氯化碳（CCl₄）诱导肝损伤的情况下进行急性和慢性毒性实验。在急性马拉硫磷中毒时，无论有无CCl₄，红细胞胆碱酯酶（EChE）和血浆胆碱酯酶（PChE）均显著下降。在暴露早期（10分钟），毒性体征与酶活性之间存在相关性。CCl₄和马拉硫磷的急性处理并未显著改变天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）和丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）的活性。在慢性中毒中，血液胆碱酯酶（ChE）显著降低，同时AST和ALT相应升高，在停用马拉硫磷后2周仍可观察到。研究结果表明，患有肝病的人可能对农药表现出增强的毒理学反应。
