Fowke L C, Pickett-Heaps J D
Research School of Biological Sciences, Canberra City, Australia.
J Phycol. 1969 Sep;5(3):240-59. doi: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.1969.tb02609.x.
Dividing cells of Spirogyra sp. were examined with both the light and electron microscopes. By preprophase many of the typical transverse wall micro-tubules disappeared while others were seen in the thickened cytoplasmic strands. Microtubules appeared in the polar cytoplasm at prophase and by prometaphase they penetrated the nucleus. They were attached to chromosomes at metaphase and early anaphase, and formed a sheath surrounding the spindle during anaphase; they were seen in the interzonal strands and cytoplasmic strands at telophase. The interphase nucleolus, containing 2 distinct zones and chromatinlike material, fragmented at prophase; at metaphase and anaphase nucleolar material coated the chromosomes, obscuring them by late anaphase. The chromosomes condensed in the nucleoplasm at prophase, moving into the nucleolus at prometaphase. The nuclear envelope was finally disrupted at anaphase during spindle elongation; at telophase membrane profiles coated the reforming nuclei. During anaphase and early telophase the interzonal region contained vacuoles, a few micro-tubules, and sometimes eliminated n ucleolar material; most small organelles, including swollen endoplasmic reticulum and tubular membranes, were concentrated in the polar cytoplasm. Quantitative and qualitative cytological observations strongly suggest movement of intact wall rnicrotubules to the spindle at preprophase and then back again at telophase.
用光学显微镜和电子显微镜对水绵属的分裂细胞进行了检查。在前期之前，许多典型的横向壁微管消失，而其他微管则出现在加厚的细胞质丝中。微管在前期出现在极性细胞质中，到前中期它们穿透细胞核。它们在中期和早后期附着在染色体上，并在后期形成围绕纺锤体的鞘；在末期它们出现在中间区域的丝和细胞质丝中。间期核仁含有2个不同的区域和类染色质物质，在前期破碎；在中期和后期，核仁物质覆盖染色体，到后期末使染色体模糊不清。染色体在前期在核质中浓缩，在前中期移入核仁。核膜在后期纺锤体伸长时最终破裂；在末期，膜轮廓覆盖着重新形成的细胞核。在后期和早末期，中间区域含有液泡、一些微管，有时还含有排出的核仁物质；大多数小细胞器，包括肿胀的内质网和管状膜，都集中在极性细胞质中。定量和定性的细胞学观察有力地表明，完整的壁微管在前期之前向纺锤体移动，然后在末期又回到原来位置。
