Möller-Nielsen J, Hammar M
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linköping University Hospital, Sweden.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1989 Apr;21(2):126-9.
During 1984, 86 women soccer players answered detailed questionnaires concerning contraceptive use, menstruation data, premenstrual and menstrual symptoms, and data concerning soccer activities including injuries. This prospective study showed that women soccer players were more susceptible to traumatic injuries during the premenstrual and menstrual period compared to the rest of the menstrual cycle (P less than 0.05), especially among players with premenstrual symptoms such as irritability/irascibility, swelling/discomfort in the breasts, and swelling/congestion in the abdomen. It was also found that women using contraceptive pills had a lower rate of traumatic injuries (P less than 0.05) compared to women who were not on the Pill. The results can be explained by the fact that oral contraceptives ameliorate some symptoms of the premenstrual and menstrual period which might also affect coordination and hence the risk of injury.
1984年期间，86名女子足球运动员填写了关于避孕措施使用情况、月经数据、经前及经期症状，以及包括受伤情况在内的足球活动数据的详细问卷。这项前瞻性研究表明，与月经周期的其他时段相比，女子足球运动员在经前和经期更容易受到创伤性损伤（P<0.05），尤其是在有易怒/暴躁、乳房肿胀/不适、腹部肿胀/充血等经前症状的运动员中。研究还发现，与未服用避孕药的女性相比，服用避孕药的女性创伤性损伤发生率较低（P<0.05）。口服避孕药可改善经前和经期的一些症状，而这些症状可能也会影响协调性，进而影响受伤风险，这一事实可以解释上述结果。
