Martelli F, Birch C, Davies R H
a Department of Bacteriology , Animal and Plant Health Agency , Surrey , UK.
b Department of Epidemiology , Animal and Plant Health Agency , Surrey , UK.
Avian Pathol. 2016;45(2):261-6. doi: 10.1080/03079457.2016.1146820.
Salmonella infection causes a significant number of cases of gastroenteritis and more serious illnesses in people in the UK and EU. The serovars Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium are most frequently associated with foodborne illness in Europe. Whilst control programmes exist to monitor these serovars in the chicken and turkey sectors, no regulatory programme is currently in place for the duck sector. A voluntary industry scheme (Duck Assurance Scheme) was launched in the UK in 2010. Hatcheries act as focal points of Salmonella contamination, in particular if Salmonella-contaminated eggs from positive breeding farms enter the hatchery. Five duck hatcheries were visited in this study and four were positive for Salmonella. S. Typhimurium DT8 and S. Indiana were isolated from hatchery 1 and S. Typhimurium DT41 and S. Senftenberg were isolated from hatchery 3. S. Kottbus, S. Bovismorbificans and S. Senftenberg were isolated from hatchery 2 and S. Kedougou was isolated from hatchery 4. Advice on the control/elimination of Salmonella was provided at each visit and a longitudinal study was undertaken to monitor its effectiveness. Extensive sampling was carried out in the hatcheries visited and the tray wash area and waste/external areas had the highest probability of being contaminated. The hatcher area was also found to be a primary focus of contamination. Improvements of farm and hatchery biosecurity standards have resulted in a reduction of hatchery contamination in this study and in previous investigations. Hatcheries 1 and 5 were cleared of Salmonella, demonstrating that elimination of Salmonella contamination from duck hatcheries is achievable.
在英国和欧盟，沙门氏菌感染导致大量肠胃炎病例以及更严重的疾病。肠炎沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌血清型在欧洲最常与食源性疾病相关。虽然存在控制计划来监测鸡肉和火鸡行业中的这些血清型，但目前鸭行业尚无监管计划。2010年英国启动了一项自愿性行业计划（鸭保证计划）。孵化场是沙门氏菌污染的焦点，特别是如果来自阳性种禽场的受沙门氏菌污染的种蛋进入孵化场。本研究走访了5家鸭孵化场，其中4家沙门氏菌检测呈阳性。从孵化场1分离出鼠伤寒沙门氏菌DT8和印第安纳沙门氏菌，从孵化场3分离出鼠伤寒沙门氏菌DT41和森夫滕贝格沙门氏菌。从孵化场2分离出科特布斯沙门氏菌、牛病沙门氏菌和森夫滕贝格沙门氏菌，从孵化场4分离出凯杜古沙门氏菌。每次走访都提供了关于控制/消除沙门氏菌的建议，并进行了一项纵向研究以监测其效果。在所走访的孵化场进行了广泛采样，发现托盘清洗区和废物/外部区域受污染的可能性最高。孵化区也被发现是污染的主要焦点。农场和孵化场生物安全标准的提高导致本研究及先前调查中孵化场污染的减少。孵化场1和5已清除沙门氏菌，表明从鸭孵化场消除沙门氏菌污染是可以实现的。
