Chen Yi, Chen Wei, Lin Ye-chun, Cheng Jian-zhong, Pan Wen-jie
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2015 Dec;26(12):3781-7.
Biochar is one of the research hotspots in the field of the agroforestry waste utilization. A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different amounts of tobacco stem biochar (0, 1, 10, 50 t · hm⁻²) on soil micro-ecology and physiological properties of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that soil water content (SWC) increased at all tobacco growth stages as the amounts of biochar applications increased. There were significant differences of SWC between the treatment of 50 t · hm⁻² and other treatments at the period of tobacco vigorous growth. As the application of biochar increased, the total soil porosity and capillary porosity increased, while soil bacteria, actinomyces, fungi amount increased firstly and then decreased. The amount of soil bacteria, actinomyces, fungi reached the maximum at the treatment of 10 t · hm⁻². Soil respiration rate (SRR) at earlier stage increased with the increase of biochar application. Compared with the control, SSR under biochar treatments increased by 7.9%-36.9%, and there were significant differences of SRR between high biochar application treatments (50 t · hm⁻² and 10 t · hm⁻²) and the control. Biochar improved leaf water potential, carotenoid and chlorophyll contents. Meanwhile, the dry mass of root, shoot and total dry mass under biochar application were higher than that of the control. These results indicated that the biochar played active roles in improving tobacco-planting soil micro-ecology and regulating physiological properties of flue-cured tobacco.
生物炭是农林业废弃物利用领域的研究热点之一。开展了田间试验，研究不同用量（0、1、10、50 t·hm⁻²）的烟杆生物炭对烤烟土壤微生态和生理特性的影响。结果表明，随着生物炭施用量增加，各烤烟生育期土壤含水量均升高。在烤烟旺长期，50 t·hm⁻²处理与其他处理的土壤含水量存在显著差异。随着生物炭施用量增加，土壤总孔隙度和毛管孔隙度增大，土壤细菌、放线菌、真菌数量先增加后减少，在10 t·hm⁻²处理时土壤细菌、放线菌、真菌数量达到最大值。前期土壤呼吸速率随生物炭施用量增加而升高，与对照相比，生物炭处理下土壤呼吸速率提高了7.9% - 36.9%，高生物炭施用量处理（50 t·hm⁻²和10 t·hm⁻²）与对照间土壤呼吸速率存在显著差异。生物炭提高了叶片水势、类胡萝卜素和叶绿素含量。同时，生物炭施用下的根干质量、地上部干质量和总干质量均高于对照。这些结果表明，生物炭在改善烤烟种植土壤微生态和调节烤烟生理特性方面发挥了积极作用。
