真菌空气传播污染对血液科病房呼吸道感染构成严重威胁。

Fungal Airborne Contamination as a Serious Threat for Respiratory Infection in the Hematology Ward.

作者信息

Ghajari Ali, Lotfali Ensieh, Azari Mansour, Fateh Roohollah, Kalantary Saba

机构信息

Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

出版信息

Tanaffos. 2015;14(4):257-61.

PMID:27114728

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4841993/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Fungi existing in hospital departments may grow and produce micro-colonies. The spores arising from these micro-colonies circulate easily and could be inhaled by patients and cause infections in immune-compromised subjects. Due to the lack of an acceptable method of sampling and evaluation of microbiological quality of air in the isolation units, the purpose of this study was to determine the concentrations of airborne fungi through active and passive sampling and also identify fungi genera in the air of the isolation unit.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The air of the isolation unit was monitored through active and passive sampling. In passive sampling, the plates were placed in the room. The active sampling was performed in the hematology unit by using a slit-to-agar biological air sampler with a flow rate of 10 L/minute. Plates were incubated at 30°C for 10 days and were examined daily for fungal growth. Fungal species were identified on the basis of their macroscopic and microscopic morphological features.

RESULTS

In active samples, Penicillium spp. was the predominant genus (66.8%), followed by Aspergillus spp. (23.9%) and Cladosporium spp. (2.5%). Yeast spp. accounted for only 2.2% of the isolated fungi. In passive samples, Penicillium spp. (94.4%) was the most frequently found fungi, followed by Aspergillus spp (2.2%), Cladosporium spp. (1.1%) and Yeast spp. (0.5%). The identified genera included Penicillium, Aspergillus, Alternaria, Mucorales, Cladosporium, Yeasts and other filamentous fungi.

CONCLUSION

Active and passive sampling can be used for monitoring the fungal content of air. Assessment of fungal contamination profiles in hospitals may provide important information about the level of fungal concentration in the hospitals and for the control of nosocomial infections. In addition, installation of special ventilation systems equipped with HEPA filters in hematology wards could enhance the quality of air. Also, observing sanitary protocols for disinfection of the surfaces is imperative for infection control.

摘要

背景

医院科室中存在的真菌可能生长并形成微菌落。这些微菌落产生的孢子易于传播，可能被患者吸入并导致免疫功能低下的个体感染。由于缺乏可接受的隔离病房空气微生物质量采样和评估方法，本研究的目的是通过主动和被动采样确定空气传播真菌的浓度，并鉴定隔离病房空气中的真菌属。

材料与方法

通过主动和被动采样对隔离病房的空气进行监测。在被动采样中，将平板放置在病房内。主动采样在血液科使用狭缝至琼脂生物空气采样器进行，流速为10升/分钟。平板在30°C下培养10天，每天检查真菌生长情况。根据真菌的宏观和微观形态特征鉴定真菌种类。

结果

在主动采样中，青霉属是主要属（66.8%），其次是曲霉属（23.9%）和枝孢属（2.5%）。酵母属仅占分离真菌的2.2%。在被动采样中，青霉属（94.4%）是最常发现的真菌，其次是曲霉属（2.2%）、枝孢属（1.1%）和酵母属（0.5%）。鉴定出的属包括青霉属、曲霉属、链格孢属、毛霉目、枝孢属、酵母属和其他丝状真菌。