Fischer Ursula, Moeller Korbinian, Class Friderike, Huber Stefan, Cress Ulrike, Nuerk Hans-Christoph
Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien.
Department of Psychology, University of Tuebingen.
Can J Exp Psychol. 2016 Dec;70(4):306-315. doi: 10.1037/cep0000084. Epub 2016 Apr 28.
According to the concept of embodied numerosity, bodily experiences influence the way in which we process numerical magnitude. The development of this influence could be anchored in the spatial ordering of numbers along a mental number line representation, which is measured by effects of spatial-numerical associations. The aim of this study was to investigate whether horizontally oriented full-body movement and visual presentation of a number line both contribute to spatial-numerical associations in children. We presented fourth-graders with 2 magnitude comparison tasks that differed in the relevance of magnitude information. In both tasks, we varied the amount of bodily movement in different response conditions (responding verbally, with a foot tap, or by jumping) and the visual presentation (items were presented with or without a number line). From the data, we calculated 2 spatial-numerical effects and expected to find the strongest effects if a full-body response was combined with a number line presentation. The 2 effects were differentially influenced by response modalities, but not presentation. The SNARC (= Spatial Numerical Association of Response Codes) effect was present in all conditions and was not influenced by our manipulations. In contrast, a new relative numerical congruity effect was influenced by the variations in responses in accordance with our hypotheses. The relative numerical congruity effect results suggest that responses involving bodily movement increase activation of spatial-numerical associations compared to verbal responses. These results are the first to demonstrate such an influence in a full-body approach in elementary schoolchildren. (PsycINFO Database Record
根据具身数字概念，身体体验会影响我们处理数字大小的方式。这种影响的发展可能基于数字在心理数字线表征上的空间排序，这可通过空间数字关联效应来衡量。本研究的目的是调查水平方向的全身运动和数字线的视觉呈现是否都对儿童的空间数字关联有影响。我们向四年级学生呈现了2个数量比较任务，这两个任务在数量信息的相关性上有所不同。在这两个任务中，我们在不同的反应条件下（口头回答、用脚轻敲或跳跃）改变身体运动量，并改变视觉呈现方式（呈现项目时有无数字线）。从数据中，我们计算了2种空间数字效应，并预期如果全身反应与数字线呈现相结合，会发现最强的效应。这2种效应受反应方式的影响不同，但不受呈现方式的影响。SNARC（=反应编码的空间数字关联）效应在所有条件下都存在，且不受我们操作的影响。相比之下，一种新的相对数字一致性效应按照我们的假设受到反应变化的影响。相对数字一致性效应的结果表明，与口头反应相比，涉及身体运动的反应会增加空间数字关联的激活。这些结果首次在小学生的全身研究方法中证明了这种影响。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
