Varella Larissa Ramalho Dantas, Torres Vanessa Braga, Angelo Priscylla Helouyse Melo, Eugênia de Oliveira Maria Clara, Matias de Barros Alef Cavalcanti, Viana Elizabel de Souza Ramalho, Micussi Maria Thereza de Albuquerque Barbosa Cabral
Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal: Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
J Phys Ther Sci. 2016 Mar;28(3):824-30. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.824. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
[Purpose] The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of parity, type of delivery, and physical activity level on pelvic floor muscles in postmenopausal women. [Subjects and Methods] This was an observational analytic cross-sectional study with a sample of 100 postmenopausal women, aged between 45 and 65 years, divided into three groups according to menopausal stage: hysterectomized and early and late postmenopause. Patients were assessed for sociodemographic and gyneco-obstetric factors and subjected to a muscle strength test and perineometry. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and multiple regression were applied. [Results] The results showed homogeneity in sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics. There was no difference in pelvic floor muscle function among the three groups. Type of delivery, parity and physical activity level showed no influence on muscle function. [Conclusion] The findings demonstrate that parity, type of delivery, and physical activity level had no influence on pelvic floor muscle pressure in postmenopausal women. One hypothesis to explain these results is the fact that the decline in muscle function in postmenopausal women is related to the female aging process.
[目的] 本研究旨在评估绝经后女性的产次、分娩方式和身体活动水平对盆底肌肉的影响。[对象与方法] 这是一项观察性分析横断面研究，样本为100名年龄在45至65岁之间的绝经后女性，根据绝经阶段分为三组：子宫切除术后、绝经早期和绝经晚期。对患者进行社会人口学和妇产科因素评估，并进行肌肉力量测试和会阴测量。应用描述性统计、方差分析、克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验和多元回归分析。[结果] 结果显示社会人口学和人体测量学特征具有同质性。三组之间盆底肌肉功能无差异。分娩方式、产次和身体活动水平对肌肉功能无影响。[结论] 研究结果表明，产次、分娩方式和身体活动水平对绝经后女性的盆底肌肉压力无影响。解释这些结果的一个假设是，绝经后女性肌肉功能的下降与女性衰老过程有关。
