Hahn Chris, Salajegheh Mohammad Kian
Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
Iran J Neurol. 2016 Jan 5;15(1):46-53.
The myotonic disorders are a heterogeneous group of genetically determined diseases that are unified by the presence of myotonia, which is defined as failure of muscle relaxation after activation. The presentation of these disorders can range from asymptomatic electrical myotonia, as seen in some forms of myotonia congenita (MC), to severe disability with muscle weakness, cardiac conduction defects, and other systemic features as in myotonic dystrophy type I (DM1). In this review, we describe the clinical features and pathophysiology of the different myotonic disorders, their laboratory and electrophysiologic findings and briefly review the currently available treatments.
强直性肌营养不良症是一组由遗传决定的异质性疾病,其共同特征是存在肌强直,肌强直被定义为肌肉激活后松弛失败。这些疾病的表现范围很广,从某些先天性肌强直(MC)形式中出现的无症状性肌电图肌强直,到I型强直性肌营养不良症(DM1)中出现的伴有肌肉无力、心脏传导缺陷和其他全身特征的严重残疾。在本综述中,我们描述了不同强直性肌营养不良症的临床特征和病理生理学、实验室及电生理检查结果,并简要回顾了目前可用的治疗方法。