Hunter Laura J, Wood David M, Dargan Paul I
Clinical Toxicology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Open Access Emerg Med. 2011 Jul 6;3:39-48. doi: 10.2147/OAEM.S22795. eCollection 2011.
The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for their analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic actions. They are commonly taken in overdose in many areas of the world. The majority of patients with acute NSAID overdose will remain asymptomatic or develop minor self-limiting gastrointestinal symptoms. However, serious clinical sequelae have been reported in patients with acute NSAID overdose and these include convulsions, metabolic acidosis, coma and acute renal failure. There appear to be some differences between the NSAIDs in terms of the relative risk of these complications; in particular mefenamic acid is most commonly associated with convulsions. The management of these serious clinical features is largely supportive and there are no specific antidotes for acute NSAID toxicity.
非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDs)因其镇痛、抗炎和解热作用而被广泛使用。在世界许多地区,它们常被过量服用。大多数急性NSAID过量患者将保持无症状或出现轻微的自限性胃肠道症状。然而,已有急性NSAID过量患者出现严重临床后遗症的报道,这些后遗症包括惊厥、代谢性酸中毒、昏迷和急性肾衰竭。不同NSAIDs在这些并发症的相对风险方面似乎存在一些差异;特别是甲芬那酸最常与惊厥相关。这些严重临床特征的处理主要是支持性的,目前尚无针对急性NSAID中毒的特效解毒剂。