Mancini Vincent O, Rigoli Daniela, Heritage Brody, Roberts Lynne D, Piek Jan P
School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University Perth, WA, Australia.
School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University Perth, WA, Australia.
Front Psychol. 2016 Apr 22;7:543. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00543. eCollection 2016.
Poor motor skills are associated with a range of psychosocial consequences, including internalizing (anxious and depressive) symptoms. The Elaborated Environmental Stress Hypothesis provides a causal framework to explain this association. The framework posits that motor skills impact internalizing problems through an indirect effect via perceived social support. However, empirical evaluation is required. We examined whether motor skills had an indirect effect on anxious and depressive symptoms via perceived family support domains.
This study used a community sample of 93 adolescents (12-16 years). Participants completed measures of motor skills, perceived social support across three dimensions (family, friend, and significant other), depressive symptoms, and anxious symptoms. Age, gender, verbal IQ, and ADHD symptoms were included as control variables.
Regression analysis using PROCESS revealed that motor skills had an indirect effect on depressive symptoms via perceived family support, but not by perceived friend support or significant other support. The negative association between motor skills and anxious symptoms was not mediated by any perceived social support domain.
Findings are consistent with previous literature indicating an association between motor skills and internalizing problems. However, we identified a different pattern of relationships across anxious and depressive symptoms. While anxiety and depressive symptoms were highly correlated, motor skills had an indirect effect on depressive symptoms via perceived family support only. Our findings highlight the importance of family support as a potential protective factor in the onset of depressive symptoms. This study provides partial support for the Elaborated Environmental Stress Hypothesis, however further research is required.
运动技能差与一系列心理社会后果相关，包括内化（焦虑和抑郁）症状。详尽环境压力假说提供了一个因果框架来解释这种关联。该框架假定运动技能通过感知到的社会支持产生间接影响，进而影响内化问题。然而，这需要实证评估。我们研究了运动技能是否通过感知到的家庭支持领域对焦虑和抑郁症状产生间接影响。
本研究使用了一个由93名青少年（12 - 16岁）组成的社区样本。参与者完成了运动技能、三个维度（家庭、朋友和重要他人）的感知社会支持、抑郁症状和焦虑症状的测量。年龄、性别、言语智商和注意力缺陷多动障碍症状作为控制变量。
使用PROCESS进行的回归分析表明，运动技能通过感知到的家庭支持对抑郁症状有间接影响，但通过感知到的朋友支持或重要他人支持则没有。运动技能与焦虑症状之间的负相关未通过任何感知到的社会支持领域介导。
研究结果与先前的文献一致，表明运动技能与内化问题之间存在关联。然而，我们发现焦虑和抑郁症状之间的关系模式有所不同。虽然焦虑和抑郁症状高度相关，但运动技能仅通过感知到的家庭支持对抑郁症状有间接影响。我们的研究结果突出了家庭支持作为抑郁症状发作潜在保护因素的重要性。本研究为详尽环境压力假说提供了部分支持，然而仍需进一步研究。
