Abra J
Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Int J Aging Hum Dev. 1989;28(2):105-26. doi: 10.2190/E0YT-K1YQ-3T2T-Y3EQ.
Changes in creativity with age, it is argued, seem very probable. A variety of personal qualities usually found in creative people are examined. While conclusive evidence is sometimes lacking, it seems likely that most of these would change with age so as to affect creative productivity, usually adversely. Moreover, many theories of creativity representing a variety of intellectual traditions are discussed, and most of these predict aging decrements of some sort. However, it is also suggested that the creativity decline may vary, being more pronounced a) when the attribute of originality is predominant, b) in the sciences, as opposed to the arts and humanities, c) when certain motives, notably self-expression and sublimation of sexuality, are operative, and d) for male as compared to female creators. Finally, creativity may simply change rather than decline with age, with differing stylistic and thematic concerns gaining priority.
有人认为，创造力随年龄的变化似乎很有可能。研究了通常在有创造力的人身上发现的各种个人特质。虽然有时缺乏确凿的证据，但这些特质中的大多数似乎会随着年龄的增长而发生变化，从而影响创造力，而且通常是产生不利影响。此外，还讨论了代表各种知识传统的许多创造力理论，其中大多数都预测会出现某种程度的随年龄下降。然而，也有人提出，创造力的下降可能会有所不同，在以下几种情况下更为明显：a）当原创性属性占主导时；b）在科学领域，与艺术和人文学科相对；c）当某些动机，特别是自我表达和性本能升华起作用时；d）男性创作者与女性创作者相比。最后，创造力可能只是随着年龄的增长而发生变化，而不是下降，不同的风格和主题关注点变得更加重要。
