Oleszczuk Patryk, Kuśmierz Marcin, Godlewska Paulina, Kraska Piotr, Pałys Edward
Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, 3 Maria Curie-Skłodowska Square, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, 3 Maria Curie-Skłodowska Square, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
Environ Pollut. 2016 Jul;214:748-755. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.064. Epub 2016 May 2.
The presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in biochars hinders their environmental use. The aim of this study was to determine the freely dissolved (Cfree) PAH content in soil amended with biochar in a long-term (851 days) field experiment. Biochar was added to the soil at a rate of 30 and 45 t/ha. The addition of biochar to the soil resulted in a decrease in Σ13 Cfree PAHs by 25 and 22%, in the soil with the addition of biochar at the rate of 30 and 45 t/ha, respectively. As far as individual PAHs are concerned, in most cases a reduction in Cfree was also observed (from 3.6 to 66%, depending on the biochar rate). During the first 105 days of the experiment, the content of Σ13 Cfree in the biochar-amended soil significantly decreased by 26% (30 t/ha) and 36% (45 t/ha). After this period of time until the end of the experiment, no significant changes in Cfree were observed, regardless of the biochar rate. However, the behavior of individual PAH groups differed depending on the number of rings and experimental treatment. Ultimately, after 851 days of the experiment the content of Σ13 Cfree PAHs was lower by 29% (30 t/ha) and 35% (45 t/ha) compared to the beginning of the study as well as lower by 40% (30 t/ha) and 42% (45 t/ha) than in the control soil. The log KTOC coefficients calculated for the biochar-amended soils were higher immediately after adding biochar and subsequently they gradually decreased, indicating the reduced strength of the interaction between biochar and the studied PAHs. The obtained results show that the addition of biochar to soil does not create a risk in terms of the content of Cfree PAHs.
生物炭中多环芳烃（PAHs）的存在阻碍了它们在环境中的应用。本研究的目的是在一项长期（851天）田间试验中，测定添加生物炭的土壤中自由溶解态（Cfree）PAH的含量。生物炭以30和45吨/公顷的用量添加到土壤中。在分别以30和45吨/公顷的用量添加生物炭的土壤中，添加生物炭导致Σ13 Cfree PAHs分别降低了25%和22%。就单个PAHs而言，在大多数情况下也观察到了Cfree的降低（降低幅度为3.6%至66%，取决于生物炭用量）。在试验的前105天，添加生物炭的土壤中Σ13 Cfree的含量显著降低，添加量为30吨/公顷时降低了26%，添加量为45吨/公顷时降低了36%。在这段时间之后直到试验结束，无论生物炭用量如何，均未观察到Cfree有显著变化。然而，不同PAH组的行为因环数和试验处理的不同而有所差异。最终，在试验851天后，与研究开始时相比，Σ13 Cfree PAHs的含量降低了29%（30吨/公顷）和35%（45吨/公顷），与对照土壤相比也分别降低了40%（30吨/公顷）和42%（45吨/公顷）。添加生物炭后立即计算得到的生物炭改良土壤的log KTOC系数较高，随后逐渐降低，这表明生物炭与所研究PAHs之间相互作用的强度降低。所得结果表明，向土壤中添加生物炭不会在自由溶解态PAHs含量方面产生风险。
