Sewald Xaver, Motamedi Nasim, Mothes Walther
Max von Pettenkofer-Institute, Department of Virology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2016 Aug;41:81-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2016.04.008. Epub 2016 May 3.
Viruses are pathogens that strictly depend on their host for propagation. Over years of co-evolution viruses have become experts in exploiting the host cell biology and physiology to ensure efficient replication and spread. Here, we will first summarize the concepts that have emerged from in vitro cell culture studies to understand virus spread. We will then review the results from studies in living animals that reveal how viruses exploit the natural flow of body fluids, specific tissue architecture, and patterns of cell circulation and migration to spread within the host. Understanding tissue physiology will be critical for the design of antiviral strategies that prevent virus dissemination.
病毒是严格依赖宿主进行繁殖的病原体。经过多年的共同进化，病毒已成为利用宿主细胞生物学和生理学以确保高效复制和传播的专家。在这里，我们将首先总结从体外细胞培养研究中得出的概念，以了解病毒传播。然后，我们将回顾在活体动物中进行的研究结果，这些结果揭示了病毒如何利用体液的自然流动、特定的组织结构以及细胞循环和迁移模式在宿主体内传播。了解组织生理学对于设计预防病毒传播的抗病毒策略至关重要。
