Sharma Adhikarimayum Lakhikumar, Hokello Joseph, Tyagi Mudit
Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kampala International University-Western Campus, Bushenyi P.O. Box 71, Uganda.
Pathogens. 2021 Jun 25;10(7):806. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10070806.
Unsafe sex with HIV-infected individuals remains a major route for HIV transmission, and protective strategies, such as the distribution of free condoms and pre-or post-prophylaxis medication, have failed to control the spread of HIV, particularly in resource-limited settings and high HIV prevalence areas. An additional key strategy for HIV prevention is voluntary male circumcision (MC). International health organizations (e.g., the World Health Organization, UNAIDS) have recommended this strategy on a larger scale, however, there is a general lack of public understanding about how MC effectively protects against HIV infection. This review aims to discuss the acquisition of HIV through the male genital tract and explain how and why circumcised men are more protected from HIV infection during sexual activity than uncircumcised men who are at higher risk of HIV acquisition.
与感染艾滋病毒的人进行不安全的性行为仍然是艾滋病毒传播的主要途径，而诸如免费发放避孕套以及暴露前或暴露后预防药物等保护策略未能控制艾滋病毒的传播，尤其是在资源有限的环境和艾滋病毒高流行地区。预防艾滋病毒的另一项关键策略是自愿男性包皮环切术（MC）。国际卫生组织（如世界卫生组织、联合国艾滋病规划署）已在更大范围内推荐了这一策略，然而，公众普遍缺乏对男性包皮环切术如何有效预防艾滋病毒感染的了解。本综述旨在讨论通过男性生殖道感染艾滋病毒的情况，并解释包皮环切的男性在性行为中比未包皮环切且感染艾滋病毒风险更高的男性更能预防艾滋病毒感染的方式及原因。
