Yasushi Shoichiro
Yakushigaku Zasshi. 2015;50(2):181-95.
The pharmaceutical industry, which developed through the Meiji and Taisho eras, is apparently one of the most important technological industries. However, only a few papers have been published regarding the entrepreneurships of the industry early on. It is crucial to research this subject in order to explore the process of how highly technical companies progressed in the early stage of modern industrialization in Japan. This paper focuses on two distinguished entrepreneurs, Gisaburo Shiono Jr. and Chobei Takeda the Fifth, who were both from the Dosho district of Osaka City. Gisaburo Shiono Jr. founded Shionogi & Co., Ltd. and Chobei Takeda the Fifth founded Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited; both of which are currently outstanding companies in the Japanese pharmaceutical market. The paper reveals that the two entrepreneurs started out by importing chemical materials from western Europe and North America, and then expanded their activities into manufacturing pharmaceutical materials in their own firms. Finally, they succeeded in developing their own new medicine products. Their lifetime histories, surveyed along with management activities, are described to clarify the process of each company's development through a few wartime experiences including World War I. Their achievements were quite similar, but the processes used were different. The case of Gisaburo Shiono Jr. shows his risk management skills, which filled his lack of technological leadership. The case of Chobei Takeda the Fifth shows his ability to gradually adapt the company to change throughout a long history of changing environment.
在明治和大正时代发展起来的制药行业，显然是最重要的技术产业之一。然而，早期关于该行业企业家精神的论文发表得很少。研究这一课题对于探索高科技公司在日本近代工业化早期的发展过程至关重要。本文聚焦于两位杰出的企业家，小野木吉三郎二世和武田长兵卫五世，他们都来自大阪市道修区。小野木吉三郎二世创立了盐野义制药株式会社，武田长兵卫五世创立了武田药品工业株式会社；这两家公司目前都是日本制药市场上的杰出企业。本文揭示，这两位企业家起初是从西欧和北美进口化学原料，然后将业务扩展到在自己的公司生产制药原料。最终，他们成功开发出了自己的新药产品。文中描述了他们的生平经历以及管理活动，以通过包括第一次世界大战在内的一些战时经历来阐明每家公司的发展过程。他们的成就颇为相似，但采用的过程却有所不同。小野木吉三郎二世的案例展示了他的风险管理技巧，弥补了他技术领导力的不足。武田长兵卫五世的案例展示了他在长期不断变化的环境中使公司逐渐适应变化的能力。
