State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1-5 West Beichen Road, Beijing 100101, China.
CAB International East Asia Regional Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Beijing 100081, China.
Insects. 2016 May 3;7(2):19. doi: 10.3390/insects7020019.
Hyphantria cunea (Drury) is an invasive pest of Morus alba L. in China. β-ocimene and cis-2-penten-1-ol among eleven electro-physiologically active leaf volatiles from M. alba have been reported to influence captures of Hyphantria cunea moths when added into sex pheromone traps. This study further investigated influences of volatile types and their dosages on the electro-physiological responses in the antennae of male and female moths, as well as on mating and oviposition behaviors. Females were, regardless of dosages, more sensitive to β-ocimene and cis-2-penten-1-ol in electro-physiological response tests than males. For males, a dose response was detected, i.e., a dosage of 10 μg and 100 μg of either chemical stimulated higher electric response in their antennae than 1 μg. Moth pairs either exposed respectively to a herbivore-induced M. alba volatile blend (HIPV), to a mechanically-damaged M. alba volatile blend (MDV), to β-ocimene, to cis-2-penten-1-ol, or to pentane as a control showed that pairs exposed to β-ocimene most likely mated, followed by HIPV blends and least by the other volatiles or the control. In contrast, β-ocimene induced about 70% of the female oviposition behaviors and was nearly 4.5 times the oviposition rate than cis-2-penten-1-ol and 2 times than the control. However, none of the chemicals had any effect on the 48 h fecundity or on egg sizes. In conclusion, β-ocimene from mulberry plants alone could promote mating and oviposition in H. cunea at a dosage of 1 mg. The results indicate that reproductive behaviors of H. cunea moths can be enhanced through HIPV blends and β-ocimene induced by feeding of larvae. This contra phenomenon has revealed a different ecology in this moth during colonizing China as local pests would commonly be repelled by herbivore induced chemicals. These chemicals can be used for the development of biological control approaches such as being used together with sex pheromone traps.
舞毒蛾（Drury）是中国桑树的一种入侵性害虫。已经报道了 11 种电生理活性叶挥发物中的β-罗勒烯和顺-2-戊烯-1-醇，当添加到性信息素诱捕器中时，会影响舞毒蛾的诱捕。本研究进一步调查了挥发物类型及其剂量对雌雄蛾触角的电生理反应、交配和产卵行为的影响。无论剂量如何，雌蛾对β-罗勒烯和顺-2-戊烯-1-醇的电生理反应测试均比雄蛾更敏感。对于雄蛾，检测到剂量反应，即 10 μg 和 100 μg 的任一种化学物质刺激其触角的电反应高于 1 μg。与分别暴露于草食性诱导的桑树挥发物混合物（HIPV）、机械损伤的桑树挥发物混合物（MDV）、β-罗勒烯、顺-2-戊烯-1-醇或戊烷的对照雄蛾对雌蛾的配对显示，暴露于β-罗勒烯的配对最有可能交配，其次是 HIPV 混合物，而其他挥发物或对照的配对最少。相反，β-罗勒烯诱导了大约 70%的雌蛾产卵行为，比顺-2-戊烯-1-醇的产卵率高近 4.5 倍，比对照高 2 倍。然而，没有一种化学物质对 48 小时的产卵量或卵的大小有任何影响。总之，在 1 毫克剂量下，桑树植物中的β-罗勒烯单独就能促进舞毒蛾的交配和产卵。结果表明，通过幼虫取食诱导的 HIPV 混合物和β-罗勒烯可以增强舞毒蛾的繁殖行为。这种相反的现象揭示了这种蛾在中国作为本地害虫时的不同生态，因为通常会被草食性诱导的化学物质排斥。这些化学物质可用于开发生物防治方法，例如与性信息素诱捕器一起使用。
