Arch Argent Pediatr. 2016 Jun 1;114(3):277-87. doi: 10.5546/aap.2016.277.
Allergic diseases have an increasing worldwide prevalence and a great impact on the health related costs. The research is focused on the study of etiological and risk factors of allergic diseases that can potentially be modified with primary, secondary and tertiary prevention strategies. Many of these measures do not have a definitively proven effect taking place in a controlled context different to what happens in real life. This paper aims to review the latest evidence on prevention of allergic diseases considering certainties and unresolved issues and focuses mainly on environmental, dietary, pharmacological and immunological preventive strategies for different levels of prevention. It is imperative to have a better understanding of genetic and environmental factors that cause allergic diseases to optimize preventive measures that are effective in reversing the increasing trend in the prevalence of allergic illnesses in childhood.
过敏性疾病在全球范围内的患病率不断上升，对健康相关成本产生了巨大影响。该研究聚焦于过敏性疾病的病因和风险因素，这些因素有可能通过一级、二级和三级预防策略加以改变。其中许多措施在与现实生活不同的受控环境中并未被明确证明具有效果。本文旨在回顾过敏性疾病预防方面的最新证据，考虑确定因素和未解决的问题，并主要关注不同预防层面的环境、饮食、药理和免疫预防策略。为了优化有效扭转儿童过敏性疾病患病率上升趋势的预防措施，必须更好地了解导致过敏性疾病的遗传和环境因素。
